Countries of the World
Countries by Area and Population:
Largest in area
World’s Oceans (in order of size):
2. Canada
3. China
4. United States
5. Brazil
6. Australia
7. India
8. Argentina
9. Kazakhstan
10.Sudan
Largest in population
2. India
3. United States
4. Indonesia
5. Brazil
6. Pakistan
7. Nigeria
8. Bangladesh
9. Russia
10.Japan
Countries of the World:
CapitalKabul
President, 2001-Hamid Karzai
Freedom fightersMudjaheddin
Former ruling partyTaliban
Mountain passKhyber Pass
City named for Alexander the GreatKandahar
AlbaniaCapitalTirana
RoyaltyKing Zog
Nobel Peace Prize winnerMother Teresa
Algeria (former French colony)CapitalAlgiers
16th century fortressKasbah
AndorraCapitalAndorra la Vella
MountainsPyrenees
Principal languageCatalan
Angola (former Portuguese colony)CapitalLuanda
Indigenous peopleBantu
LanguagePortuguese
Antigua & Barbuda (largest of Caribbean Leeward Islands)CapitalSt. John’s
ArgentinaCapitalBuenos Aires
CurrencyPeso
ReligionRoman Catholic
LanguageSpanish
DesertAtacama (world’s driest place)
MountainAconcagua (summit in Argentina but shared with Chile)
RiverRio de la Plata (“river of silver”)
Strait Strait of Magellan
Southern plateauPatagonia
PlainsThe Pampas
Southern island shared with ChileTierra del Fuego (“Land of Fire”)
Site of 1982 warFalkland Islands
Falkland Islands Argentine nameMalvinas
CowboysGauchos
Gaucho weaponBola
President 1946-55, 1973-74Juan Peron
Juan Peron’s second wife, died 1972Evita (Eva) Peron
Juan Peron’s third wife and president 1974-76Isabelle Peron
National danceTango
Tennis starGabriela Sabatini
ArmeniaCapitalYerevan
MountainsCaucasus
Australia (only nation on an entire continent, world’s sixth largest country)Nickname“The Land Down Under”
CapitalCanberra
Prime Minister, 1991-96Bob Hanke
Prime minister, 1996-2007John Howard
Prime minister, 2007-2010Kevin Rudd
Prime minister, 2010-Julia Gillard
States:New South Wales
Victoria
Queensland
South Australia
Western Australia
Tasmania
CurrencyDollar
Largest citySydney
Second largestMelbourne
Western Australia cityPerth
North coast cityDarwin
Harbor Bridge locationSydney
Sydney airportKingsford Smith Airport
Sydney area beachBondi Beach
Sydney Harbor landmarkThe Opera House
LakeLake Eyre
Largest islandTasmania
Longest riverDarling River*
BayBotany Bay
Eastern seaTasman Sea
Color changing landmark, "The Remarkable Pebble"Ayres Rock (Uluru)
Wild dogDingo
Native peopleAborigines
Aboriginal riteWalkabout
Aborigine weaponBoomerang
Stagnant waterBillabong
ActorPaul Hogan
SingerOlivia Newton-John
Opera singerNellie Melba
Female authorColleen McCullough
Super modelElle McPherson
Tennis grand slam winnerMargaret Court
Media MagnateRupert Murdoch
Olympic site summer 1956Melbourne
Olympic site summer 2000Sydney
Gum treeEucalyptus
Eucalyptus eaterKoala
Duckbilled mammalPlatypus
ReefGreat Barrier Reef
Popular beerFoster's
Popular wineYellow Tail
* Some sources list the Murry River as Australia’s longest riverAustria
Capital and largest cityVienna (The Waltz City)
Dynasty, 1247-1918Hapsburg (or Habsburg)
Former currencyShilling (now Euro)
Winter Olympics site, 1964 and 1976Innsbruck
NewspaperWiener Zuting
U.N. Secretary-GeneralKurt Waldheim
Salzburg born ComposerWolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Actor and politicianArnold Schwarzenegger
Holy Roman EmpressMaria Theresa
Vienna psychoanalysis pioneerSigmund Freud
AzerbaijanCapitalBaku
MountainsCaucasus
LakeCaspian Sea
World chess champion, 1985-2000Gary Kasparov
BahamasCapital and largest cityNassau
Second largest cityFreeport
Nassau islandNew Providence
Largest islandAndros
Columbus’ original landing pointSan Salvador
Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan)CapitalDhaka
BayBay of Bengal
LanguageBengali
BarbadosCapitalBridgetown
Island groupLesser Antillies
SingerRihanna
Belarus (former SSR)CapitalMinsk
ReligionEastern Orthodox
CurrencyRuble
Belgium (won its independence from the Netherlands)Capital and largest cityBrussels (NATO headquarters)
Largest portAntwerp (major diamond processing center)
Napolleonic battle siteWaterloo
City of treaty that ended War of 1812Ghent
Former currencyFranc (now Euro)
ReligionRoman Catholic
WW I cemeteryFlanders Field
LanguageFlemish
Ethnic groupsFlemings, Walloons
Flemish cartographerGerardus Mercator
Flemish painterSir Anthony Van Dyck (beard named after him)
SurrealistRene Magritte
Artist who taught van DykePeter Paul Rubens
Fictional detectiveHercules Poirot
CheeseLimburger
Current kingAlfred II
Other royaltyLeopold I & II, Baudouin
ColonyThe Belgian Congo
Belize (formerly British Honduras)CapitalBelmopan
Bermuda
CapitalHamilton
Bolivia (Formerly Upper Peru, named after Simon Bolivar)Legal capitalSucre
Administrative capitalLa Paz (“The Peace”, highest world capital in elevation)
Religion Roman Catholic
LanguageSpanish
LakeTiticaca
Mineral held in large depositsTin
Bosnia-HerzegovinaCapitalSarajevo
Author of teen diaryZlata (Frankovich)
Botswana (formerly Bechuanaland)CapitalGaborone
DesertKalahari
SwampOkavango
Brazil (largest country in South America)CapitalBrasilia
Former capitalRio de Janeiro
Rio beachesCopacabana and Ipanima
Religious statue overlooking RioChrist the Redeemer
Rio mountainSugarloaf
Largest citySao Paulo
LanguagePortuguese
ReligionRoman Catholic
CurrencyReal
National danceSamba
RiverAmazon
Stadium (world’s largest)Maracana Stadium
RoyaltyPedro I & II
Actress who wore fruit on her headCarmen Miranda
BruneiIslandBorneo
Ruler (by decree)The Sultan of Brunei
BulgariaCapitalSofia
RoyaltyKing Boris III
Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta)CapitalOuagadougou
Buthan .CapitalThimphu
MountainsHimilayas
Cambodia (former Kampuchea)CapitalPhnom Penh
ReligionBuddhism
Ancient empire Khmer Empire
Communist organization Khmer Rouge
Khmer Rouge leader, died in 1998 Pol Pot
Ancient Buddhist templeAngkor Wat
RoyaltyKing Norodom Sihanouk
Canada (world’s second largest country)Provinces:Capitals
AlbertaEdmonton
British ColumbiaVictoria (The Garden City)
Manitoba (the Prairie Province)Winnipeg
New Brunswick (borders Maine)Fredericton
Newfoundland (the newest province)St. John’s
Nova Scotia (New Scotland)Halifax
OntarioToronto
Prince Edward IslandCharlottetown (The Cradle of the Waves)
Quebec (the Maple Syrup Province)Quebec
SaskatchewanRegina
Number of provincesTen
Territories: Northwest TerritoryYellowknife Yukon Territory (borders Alaska)Whitehorse NunavutIqaluit CapitalOttawa Largest cityToronto Second-largest cityMontreal Largest city in AlbertaCalgary Largest city in British ColumbiaVancouver Largest provinceQuebec National anthemO, Canada Largest IslandBaffin Island Northernmost islandEllesmere Island British Columbian islandVancouver Island Longest riverMackenzie River feeding into Hudson BayChurchill CurrencyDollar Toronto towerCN (Canadian National) Tower Prime minister, 1968-79, 1980-84Pierre Trudeau Conservative prime minister, 1984-93Brian Mulroney Female prime minister, 1993Kim Campbell Liberal prime minister, 1993-2003Jean Chretien Prime minister, 2003-2006Paul Martin Prime minister, 2006-Stephen Harper NW Territory lakeGreat Slave Lake Nova Scotia islandCape Breton Nova Scotia French areaAcadia Nova Scotia ship builderCunard (founded 1787) Newfoundland air traffic control centerGander Montreal UniversityMagill Comedian and actorJim Carrey Snowbird singerAnne Murray Game show hostAlex Trebek Alberta national parkBanff Alberta rodeoCalgary Stampede Canada to USA proposed pipelineKeystone Banff lakeLake Louise Yukon gold rush areaKlondike Capitals named for Queen VictoriaVictoria and Regina CapitalN’djamena DesertSahara CapitalSantiago Revolutionary leader, 1817-23Bernardo O’Higgins Marxist president, 1970-73Salvador Allende Man who overthrew AllendeAugusto Pinochet CurrencyPeso MountainAconcagua (with Argentina) DesertAtacama (world’s driest place) Southern islandTierra del Fuego (with Argentina) Pacific islandEaster Island (Papa Nui) PoetPablo Neruda Female authorIsabelle Allende Mineral held in large depositsCopper CapitalBeijing (formerly Peking) Largest cityShanghai CurrencyYuan Major language dialectsCantonese and Mandarin Ancient Northern ChinaCathay Ancient philosopherConfucius Last emperorPu-Yi Dynasty 1368-1644Ming Dynasty Last dynastyManchu Communist revolutionary leaderMao Tse-tung Premier under Mao Tse-tungChou Enlai Head of government, 1976-92Deng Xiaoping Youth militaryRed Guard Chinese-American architectI. M. Pei Chinese-American sleuthCharlie Chan Chinese self-defenseKung-fu DesertGobi Longest riverYangtze Second longest riverYellow Counting tableAbacus Chinese rootGinseng Site of world’s largest McDonalds’ restaurant Beijing Beijing squareTiananmen Square Beijing templeTemple of Heaven Beijing central areaForbidden City Violent uprising, 1900Boxer Rebellion Industrial objective, 1956Great Leap Forward Egalitarian movement, 1966Cultural revolution Art of furniture arrangingFeng Shui Former nameGran-Columbia CapitalBogota Second largest cityMedellin CurrencyPeso ReligionRoman Catholic AuthorGabriel Marquez Drug cartelsCali, Medellin CapitalBrazzaville CapitalKinshasa RiverCongo Capital and largest citySan Jose President, 1986-2010Oscar Arias Sanchez (Nobel Peace Prize, 1987) CapitalZagreb (last in alphabetical order) CapitalHavana Head of government, 1959-Fidel Castro Former dictator, overthrown by CastroFulgencio Batista Castro’s revolutionary aideChe Guevera Castro’s brotherRaul U.S. Naval BaseGuantanamo Bay (Gitmo) Site of failed invasion, 1961Bay of Pigs Brothers pitching major league baseballLivan and Orlando Hernandez World high jump record holderJavier Sodomayer CapitalNicosia First presidentArchbishop Makarios Mythical kingPygmalion CapitalPrague (City of 1000 Spires) Prague cathedralSt. Vitus President, 1992-93, 1993- Vaclav Havel Leader during Prague Spring, 1968Alexander Dubcek RegionBohemia New World Symphony composerAntonin Dvorak The Bartered Bride composerBedrich Smetana Female tennis starMartina Navratilova Male tennis starIvan Lendl Capital and largest cityCopenhagen PeninsulaJutland RoyaltyQueen Margarethe II Other royal namesChristina, Fredrick Ruling houseOrange CurrencyKröne Overseas regionsGreenland and Faroe Islands FlagDannenbrög (world’s oldest flag) Glazed earthenware townDelft AstronomerTycho Brahe PhilosopherSøren Kierkegaard ExplorerVitus Bering (Bering Sea and Strait) PhysicistNiels Bohr AuthorIsak Dinesen (Karen Blixen) Short story writerHans Christian Anderson Piano comicVictor Borge National drinkAcabee Copenhagen Harbor figureThe Little Mermaid Copenhagen amusement parkTivoli Gardens CapitalSanto Domingo IslandHispaniola (second-largest island in Caribbean) CapitalEast Berlin Dividing wallBerlin Wall Berlin Wall crossing pointBrandenburg Gate Figure skaterKatarina Witt CapitalQuito CurrencySucre LanguageSpanish Second most widely spoken languageQuechuan IslandsGalapagos Islands President, 2012-13 (in dispute)Mohamed Morsi Capital and largest cityCairo (largest city in Africa) Cairo squareTahrir Square Second-largest cityAlexandria (founded by Alexander the Great) Ancient capitalsMemphis, Thebes DamAswan High Dam Aswan Dam lakeLake Nasser RiverNile CanalSuez CurrencyPound Largest pyramidKhufu (a.k.a. Cheops) King, 1932-52King Farouk Man who overthrew King Farouk, 1952Abdul Nasser President, 1970-81Anwar Sadat (Nobel Peace Prize, 1979) President, 1981-2011Hosni Mubarak Amenhotep III’s son, 17th century BCAkhenaton Akhenaton’s wifeNefertiti Longest ruling female Pharaoh, 14th century BCHatshepsut King who died at age 18, c. 1350 BCTutankhamen (King Tut) Book found in ancient tombsBook of the Dead 3rd to 6th B.C.dynastiesOld Kingdom 18th to 30th B.C.dynastiesNew Kingdom 19th dynasty rulersRamses II, Seti I 15th to 18th B.C. century dynastyMamluk King who fathered 160 childrenRamses II Christian sectCoptic Church the smallest Central American country) CapitalSan Salvador President 1980-82, 1984-89Jose Napoleon Duarte CapitalTallinn CapitalAddis Ababa Emperor 1930-74Haile Selassie (a.k.a. Ras Tafari) Country newly independent from EthiopiaEritre Fiji (Pacific island group) CapitalSuva Largest islandViti Levu CapitalHelsinki (site of Accord on Human Rights) GulfGulf of Bothnia CurrencyMarkka Northern herdsmenLapps (aka Sami) Cell Phone makerNokia ComposerJean Sibelius Finnish-American architectEero Saarinen Runner known as the “Flying Finn”Paavo Nurmi Capital and largest cityParis Southern portMarseille Film festival cityCannes Brigitte Bardot’s tourist citySt. Tropez Spa city and World War II capitalVichy Former seat of the PapacyAvignon Stained glass cathedral cityChartres Porcelain cityLimoges National anthemLes Marseilles Premier, 1906-09, 1917-20Georges Clemenceau Chief of Vichey government, 1940-40Marshal Pétain Current governmentThe Fifth Republic Fifth Republic leaders: President, 1958-69Charles de Gaulle President, 1969-74Georges Pompidou President, 1974-81Valery Giscard d’Estaing Socialist president 1981-95Francois Mitterrand President, 1995-2007Jacques Chirac (former Paris mayor) President, 2007-12Nicholas Sarkozy Sarkozy’s wifeCarla Bruni Current president, 2012-François Hollande Floral symbolFleur-de-Lis Paris site, Tomb of the Unknown SoldierArc de Triomphe Paris gardensTuilleries Paris riverSeine Paris’ oldest bridgePont Neuf Tourist coastCote d’Azur Mustard regionDijon Hot summer monthThermidor Empire including France, 900 A.DCarolingian 12th century minstrelsTroubadours Ruling house of France, 987-1328Capetians Middle ages middle classBourgeoisie Ruling family, 13th to 19th centuryBourbons Philosopher and Armine Bejart’s loverMolière French ProtestantsHuguenots Cardinal whoopposed the HuguenotsCardinal Richelieu Day the Huguenots were massacredSt. Bartholomew’s Day Document of the revolution, 1789Declaration of the Rights of Man Prison stormed by French peasantsBastille Date of the storming of the BastilleJuly 14, 1789 French leader subject of a David paintingJean-Paul Marat She killed MaratCharlotte Corday Leader deposed on 9 Thermidor, 1794Maximilian Robespierre Robespierre’s supportersJacobins The Sun King (le Roi Soleil)Louis XIV Louis XIV’s imprisoned brotherThe “Man in the Iron Mask” Louis XV’s loverMadame Pompadour Louis XVI’s QueenMarie Antoinette Marie Antoinette’s motherMaria Teresa (of the Habsburgs) Palace built by Louis XIVVersailles Versailles’ hallHall of Mirrors Napoleon’s first wifeJosephine Napoleon’s second wifeMarie Louise He defeated Napoleon at WaterlooDuke of Wellington Napoleon’s brother, king of RomeNapoleon II Napoleon’s brother, king of SpainJoseph Bonaparte Napoleon’s nephew, emperor of France, 1852-70Napoleon III (Louis Napoleon) Army major stripped of honor, 1895Major Dreyfus He defended Major Dreyfus with J’Accuse…Émile Zola Island where Major Dreyfus was exiledDevil’s Island Trendsetter and actress, 1890’sSarah Bernhardt Philosopher, developed analytical geometryRené Descartes Founder of modern chemistryAntionne Lavoisier Grand dictionary lexicographerPierre Larouse Photography pioneer, 19th centuryLouis Daguerre Famous actress, late 19th century, early 20th centurySarah Bernhadrt Ballooning brothers, late 18th centuryMontgolfier brothers Probability pioneerBlaise Pascal French-Algerian existential authorAlbert Camus Baby doctorFerdinand Lamaze Largest auto companyRenault French Terms Radical inovationAvant garde Dispatch in styleDepeche mode Fatal or dangerous womanFemme Fatale CapitalBanjul CapitalLibreville CapitalTbilisi President 1995-2003Edvard Shevardnadze MountainsCaucasus ReligionEastern Orthodox SeaBlack Sea CapitalBerlin West German capitalBonn Port and second largest cityHamburg Twin tower cathedral cityCologne Oldest European university cityHeidelberg City destroyed in Allied firestormDresden Home of Wagner music festivalBayreuth Capital of BavariaMunich City known for its bathsBaden Baden German chancellor, 1871-90Otto von Bismarck (The Iron Chancellor) Emperor, 1890-1918Kaiser Wilhelm (William) II President of German Republic, 1925-34Paul von Hindenburg West German chancellor, 1949-63Konrad Adenauer (Der Alte) West German chancellor, 1969-74Willy Brandt (won Nobel Peace Prize, 1971) West German chancellor, 1974-82Helmut Schmidt West German and German chancellor, 1982-98Helmut Kohl German chancellor 1998-2005Gerhard Schröeder German Chancellor 2009Angela Merkel Industrial regionRuhr Former currencyMark (now Euro) Hamburg riverElbe 17th century transcendental philosopherImmanuel Kant 20th century psychologyGestalt (German school) 1930’s actressMarlene Dietrich PhysicistMax Planck German-American physicistAlbert Einstein ChemistRobert Bunsen AstronomerJohannes Kepler PlaywrightBertolt Brecht Weimar school of arts and craftsBauhaus Bauhaus architectWalter Gropius Steel making familyKrupp Baroque composerJohann Sebastian (J. S.) Bach J. S. Bach’s composer sonC. P. E. Bach (most famous of several composer sons) Noble familyHohenzollern Annual Bavarian partyOktoberfest 16th century Reformation leaderMartin Luther 19th century publisherBaedeker Airship Zeppelin Airship, set Atlantic crossing record, 1929Graf Zeppelin Airship, blew up at Lakehurst, NJ, 1937Hindenburg (“Oh, the humanity”) Aspirin manufacturerBayer Harmonica manufacturerHohner SnoutSnorkel Ghostly doubleDoppelgänger Child prodigyWunderkind PipeMeerschaum CountGraf SongLied SubstituteErsatz DumplingsSpaetzle CapitalAccra US ambassadorShirley Temple Black UN Secretary-GeneralKofi Annan Capital and largest cityLondon Second largest cityBirmingham Major riverThames National anthemGod Save the Queen (King) Port where the Beatles originatedLiverpool Hot springs cityBath Prime minister, 2010-David Cameron Prime minister, 2007-2010Gordon Brown Prime minister, 1997-2007Tony Blair Prime minister, 1990-97John Major Prime minister, 1979-90Margaret Thatcher Major and Thatcher’s partyConservative Prime minister, 1955-57Earl Anthony Eden Prime minister, 1945-51Clement Attlee Prime minister, 1940-45, 1951-55Sir Winston Churchill Prime minister, 1937-40Neville Chamberlain Prime minister, 1916-22David Lloyd George Late 19th prime minister four timesWilliam Gladstone Prime minister, 1874-80Benjamin Disraeli Lord Protector, 1653-58Oliver Cromwell Lord Chancellor, 1618-26 and philosopherFrancis Bacon Rhodes scholars universityOxford Oxford’s rivalCambridge Boys prep school, founded by Henry VI in 1440Eton Private residence of British monarchsBalmoral Castle Home of British monarchsBuckingham Palace Palace that burned, 1997Windsor Castle Prince and Princess of Wales’ homeKensington Palace Royal seaside resortBrighton Foreign ambassador’s residenceSt. James Court London church where monarchs are crownedWestminster Abby Westminster Abby cemeteryPoets’ Corner London baroque cathedral (burned 1666)St. Paul Cathedral London square with Lord Nelson’s statue Trafalgar Square London area with statue of ErosPiccadilly Circus London wax museumMadame Tussaud’s London museum with the Rosetta StoneBritish Museum London park known for its oratorsHyde Park London insane asylumBethlam (where the word bedlam comes from) Conquest of 1066Norman Conquest Battle ending the Norman ConquestBattle of Hastings Tapestry depicting Norman ConquestBayeux Tapestry King who signed the Magna Carta, 1215King John Place where Magna Carta was signedRunnymede Ancient astronomical stone relicStonehenge Stonehenge plainSalisbury Man murdered in Canterbury CathedralThomas Beckett 13th century scholar and alchemistRoger Bacon 1381 John Bull and Wat Tyler tax revoltPeasant’s Revolt 1455-85 warWar of the Roses Opponents in the War of the RosesRed vs White (York vs Lancaster) Battle ending War of the RosesBattle of Bosworth Field Place where British fleet defeated NapoleonTrafalgar Admiral at Trafalgar, lost a leg and an eye in battleLord Horatio Nelson Lord Nelson’s loverEmma Hamilton British ambassador to Turkey, 1799-1803Lord Thomas Elgin (Elgin Marbles) Commander defeated at Khartoum, 1884Charles (Chinese) Gordon Explorer who translated Arabian NightsSir Richard Burton Explorer who discovered Lake VictoriaJohn Speke Man who found David LivingstoneHenry Morton Stanley Conqueror of India, 1755-56 Robert Clive (of Plassey) Surveyor General of India, 1830-41Sir George Everest Female in Parliament, 1919-45Lady Nancy Astor Capital of British IndiaCalcutta British cavalry troops of IndiaBengal Lancers British dungeon in IndiaBlack Hole of Calcutta Mau Mau rebellion countryKenya Declaration for a Jewish homeland, 1917Balfour Declaration 17th century diarist Samuel Pepys 17th century poet and dramatistJohn Dryden 17th century philosopherJohn Locke 18th century pottery makerJosiah Wedgewood 18th century furniture makerThomas Chippendale 19th century philosopher and mathematicianBertrand Russell 19th century anatomistHenry Grey (Grey's Anatomy) EngraverWilliam Hogarth Romance novelistBarbara Cartland Jockey and mystery writerDick Francis Female mystery writerAgatha Christi Landscape painterJohn Constable Constable’s rivalWilliam Turner HistorianKenneth Clark PlaywrightHarold Pinter News serviceReuters Insurance AgencyLloyd’s of London Encyclopedia, debuting in 1768Encyclopedia Britannica BarristerLawyer Nanny’s formal nameGoverness Travel agency founder, 1828Thomas Cook British West PointSandhurst British envoy held hostage in LebanonTerry Waite British ballerinaDame Margo Fonteyn British-American soccer starDavid Beckam ChipsFrench Fries BangersSausages NappyDiaper DraughtsCheckers LiftElevator AubergineEggplant CanteenCafeteria TorchFlashlight BracesSuspenders LiftElevator TorchFlashlight BootTrunk (auto) SilencerMuffler (auto) BonnetHood (auto) ColoniesBelize (British Honduras), Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Guyana, India, Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Bahamas, British West Indies (Turks & Caicos), Falkland Islands, United States Capital and largest cityAthens Second largest cityThessalonica Largest portPiraeus Prime Minister 1975-89Georgios Papandreou Last kingConstantine II Former currencyDrachma (now Euro) ReligionEastern (Greek) Orthodox PeninsulaPeloponnesus Oracle siteDelphi Athens fortified hilltopAcropolis Acropolis’ landmarkParthenon Largest islandCrete Ancient Crete capitalKnossos Ancient king of CreteMinos Second largest islandEuboea Sappho’s islandLesbos Tallest mountainOlympus PlainMarathon Mountain passThermopylae Philosopher poisoned by hemlockSocrates Philosopher and Academy founderPlato Philosopher, taught Alexander the GreatAristotle Theorem mathematicianPythagoras First actorThespis He had a sword hanging over his headDamocles Physician, doctor’s oath named for himHippocrates Follower of HippocratesGalen He sought an honest manDiogenes Mathematician, founder of hydrostaticsArchimedes Shipping magnateAristotle Onassis Greek-American tennis playerPete Sampras Greek-American opera singerMaria Callas LiquorOuzo DrinkMastika Sandwich with meat in tzatziki sauce on pita breadGyro Phyllo dough filled with honey, walnuts and pistachiosBaklava Greek words: TreasureThesaurus Ten wordsDecalogue RainbowIris Single letterMonogram Werewolf Lycanthrope RugFlokati Love of manPhilanthropy Love of treesPhilodendron To sell aloneMonopoly The massesHoi polloi People ruleDemocracy Without painAnalgesic Prefixes: GeoEarth MonoOne OmniAll QuasiIn some sense or degree ParaApproximately PhiloLove of ProtoFirst PseudoFalse CapitalSt. George’s CapitalGuatemala City CurrencyQuetzal ReligionRoman Catholic CapitalBissau CapitalGeorgetown CapitalPort-au-Prince IslandHispaniola LanguagesFrench, Creole President, 1806-20Henri Christophe President, 1957-71Francois Duvalier (“Papa Doc”) President, 1971-86 ….Jean-Claude Duvalier (“Baby Doc”) President, 1991-96, 2001-04Jean-Bertram Aristide (exiled for a time in the US) CapitalTegucigalpa ReligionRoman Catholic LanguageSpanish IslandRoatan Northern Indians and pyramid buildersMayans Coastal IndiansMesquita CapitalBudapest LanguageMagyar Patron saintSt. Stephen Year of anti-communist revolt1956 Leader of 1956 revoltImre Nagy 19th century composerFranz Liszt 20th century composerBela Bartok Tennis playerIlie Nastase Hungarian-American actress-sistersMagda, Zsa Zsa and Eva Gabor CapitalReykjavik CurrencyKrona Major source of energyGeothermal Major religionLutheranism 12th to 13th century literatureEdda CapitalNew Delhi Largest city and financial center Mumbai (Bombay) Second largest cityDelhi Movie making district of MumbaiBollywood CurrencyRupee Divisional system of societyCaste system Agra Shrine Taj Mahal Taj Mahal builderShah Jahan Prophet of nonviolenceMahatma Gandhi Gandhi’s successorJawaharlal Nehru Female prime minister, 1980-84Indira Gandhi (Nehru’s daughter) Prime minister, 1984-88Rajiv Gandhi (Indira’s son) Wheel of LawDharma Chakra Guitar Sitar Sitar player Ravi Shankar AuthorSalmon Rhushdi Indian-American conductorZubin Mehta Clarified butterGhee SpiceCurry Spided teaChai Site of 1984 Union Carbide disasterBhopal Gandhi’s “Children of God”Untouchables Vivian Leigh’s birthplace and tea centerDarjeeling Former Portuguese colonyGoa Capital and largest cityJakarta Jakarta’s IslandJava Other main islandsSumatra, Borneo, New Guinea Resort islandBali Island fighting for independenceEast Timor Volcanic island, erupted in 1883Krakatoa Leader forced to resign, 1998Suharto Suharto’s predecessorSukarno CapitalTeheran Shah of Iran, 1941-79Mohammed Reza Pahlavi Revolutionary government head, 1979-89Ayatollah Khomeini President, 1989-1997Akbar Rafsanjani President, 1997-2005Mohammad Khatami President, 2005-2013 Mahmoud Ahmadinejad President, 2013-Hasan Rowhani CurrencyRial PoliceSavak Persian prophet, 6th century BCZoroaster Persian poetOmar Khayyam Persian empire founder, 548 BCCyrus the Great Persian defeated at Marathon, 490 BCDarius I Darius’ son, defeated by Greeks, 480 BCXerxes CapitalBaghdad President, 1979-2006Saddam Hussein Prime minister, 2006-Nouri Al-Malike CurrencyDinar Northern minority groupKurds Capital and largest cityDublin Second largest cityCork Third largest cityLimerick Glass works cityWaterford Language Gaelic AccentBrogue Patron saintSt. Patrick Dublin collegeTrinity CastleBlarney Castle Kissing stoneBlarney Stone LakesLakes of Killarney BrewerGuiness Province with cycle of stories Ulster “Little Clover”Shamrock (what St. Patrick used to describe the Trinity) Dublin theater and companyAbbey Theater Moaning spiritBanshee ConventSisters of Mercy Physicist and chemistRobert Boyle (Boyle’s law) 8th century book of gospelsBook of Kells 1848-49 disasterPotato famine Rebellion against British rule, 1916Easter Uprising Hunger strikerBobby Sands Writer and poetJames Joyce Female writerMaeve Binchy Dramatist and Abbey Theater directorJohn Millington Synge PlaywrightSean O’Casey Poet who won Nobel Prize for LiteratureWilliam Butler Yeats Olympic swimmer, 1988Janet Evans Olympic swimmer, 1996Michele Smith Irish-American miners“Molly Maguires” Walking stickShillelagh CapitalJerusalem Former capital and largest cityTel Aviv First prime ministerDavid Ben-Gurion Prime Minister, 2001-2006Ariel Sharon Prime minister, 1999-2001Ehud Barak Prime minister, 1996-1999, 2009-Benjamin Netanyahu Prime minister, 1974-77, 1992-95Yitzhak Rabin (Nobel Peace Prize, 1994) Prime minister, 1977-83Menachem Begin ( Nobel Peace Prize, 1987) Prime minister, 1984-86, 1995-96Shimon Peres Foreign minister who wore an eye patch Moshe Dayan Currency Shekel Parliament Knesset Jerusalem gateJaffa Gate Intelligence agencyMassad DesertNegev Salty lakeDead Sea RiverJordan Collective farmKibbutz Group that created IsraelZionists Capital and largest cityRome (Roma) Second largest, capital of LombardyMilan (Milano) Capital of Piedmont regionTurin (Turino) The Jewel of the Adriatic Venice (Venezia) Capital of Tuscany regionFlorence (Firenze) Prime Minister, 2001-06, 2008-11Silvio Berlusconi Former prime minister kidnapped and murdered, 1978Also Moro Northeast Adriatic port Trieste Galileo’s birthplacePisa Columbus’ birthplace Genoa Violin manufacturing centerCremona Prime Minister 2001-06, 2008-11Silvio Berlusconi ReligionRoman Catholic CurrencyEuro (formerly the Lire) Longest riverPo Caesar’s riverRubicon Largest lakeLake Garda Naples islandCapri Capri caveBlue Grotto Largest islandSicily Sicily capitalPalermo Sicily volcanoEtna Second largest islandSardinia Mainland volcano Vesuvius Cities Vesuvius buriedPompeii and Herculaneum Central mountainsApennines North central mountainsDomolites Countries within its bordersVatican City and San Marino Infamous patron of the artsLucretia Borgia Revolutionary Red Shirts leaderGuiseppe Garibaldi PhysicistEnrico Fermi EducatorMaria Montessori Tenor from ModenaLuciano Pavarotti Electrostatics and animal physiology pioneerLuigi Galvani Opera conductorArturo Toscanini Violin virtuosoNiccolo Paganini Rome riverTiber Rome underground cemeteries Catacombs Rome ancient arena Colosseum Rome steps leading to Villa BurgheseSpanish Steps Rome fountainTrevi Fountain Milan ruling familySforza Milan opera houseLa Scala Florence ruling familyMedici Florence riverArno Florence fountainFountain of Neptune Florence art galleryUffizi Gallery Florence palace used as an art galleryPitti Palace Venetian artistTitian Venetian composerAntonio Vivaldi Venetian leaderDoge Venetian travelerMarco Polo Venetian landmark bridge The Rialto Venetian bridge to the gallowsThe Bridge of Sighs Venetian canal Grand Canal Turin auto makerFiat Turin veil of controversyShroud of Turin Comedy of MasksCommedia del’ Arte Bell towerCampanile CapitalKingston Resort cityMontego Bay City of “eight rivers”Ocho Rios MountainsBlue Mountains Reggae artistBob Marley LiquorTia Maria Famous Olympians Jamaican Bobsled Team CapitalTokyo Ancient CapitalKyoto Largest portYokohama Largest islandHonshu Northernmost main island Hokkaido Southernmost main island Kyushu Parliament Diet Currency Yen Emperor Akihito (125th Emperior) Akihito’s father Hirohito Primary religion Shinto Temple Pagoda Sacred mountain Mt. Fuji Ancient ceremony Tea ceremony Flower Chrysanthemum Female professional entertainer Geisha Conductor Seiji Ozawa Director Akira Kurosawa Dramas No dramas Drama theater Kabuki Tokyo upscale shopping area Ginza Crime groupYakuza “Precision” watch maker Seiko Film maker Fuji First pocket radio maker Sony Art of paper folding Origami Art of flower arranging Ikebana Art of dwarf tree growing Bonsai Massage Shiatsu Self defense Judo Weaponless martal art.Jujitsu Sword fightingKendo Wrestling Sumo Grill Hibachi Green liquor Midori Lute Samisen Floor mat Tatami Mafia Yakuza Ornamental fish Koi Poison fish Fugu Three-line poem Haiku Number of syllables in haiku 17 Hokkaido aborigines Ainu High speed train Bullet train Powerful businessman Tycoon Added to a name for respect San Act of ceremonial suicide Hara-Kiri 9th to 16th century military dictators Shoguns Warrior knightsSamurai Nuclear power plant damaged in 2011Fukushima Thank youDomo arigato Divine windKamikaze Empty handKarate Exalted gateMikado Long life (10,000 years)Bonzai CapitalAmman (former Philadelphia) Former nameTransjordan King, 1999-King Abdul Hussein King, 1953-99King Hussein I (Abdul’s father) King Hussein’s wifeQueen Noor (American born) Historical and archaeological sitePetra CapitalAstana CurrencyRuble Space portBalkanor Cosmodrome (leased by Russia) CapitalNairobi Independence leaderJomo Kenyatta President, 1978- Daniel arap Moi Currency Shilling Languages Swahili and English Native tribe Masai Game reserve Masai Mara Tallest mountain Mt. Kenya Capital Kuwait City Capital Vientiane Religion Buddhism Border river Mekong Ethnic group Hmong Capital Riga Sea Baltic Sea Capital Beirut Valley Bekaa Valley Tree Cedar (on their flag, used in building Solomon’s temple) Group of militant Shiite Muslims Hezbollah Capital Monrovia (named after U.S. president James Monroe) Late dictator Charles Taylor Capital Tripoli Dictator, 1969-2011 Muammar Gaddafi Gulf Gulf of Sidra Capital Vaduz Capital Vilnius Sea Baltic Sea Capital Luxembourg Grand Duke John Grand Duchess Carlotta Major religion Catholicism Capital Skopje Capital Antananarivo Monkey Lemur Capital Kuala Lumpur Island Borneo Peninsula Malay Peninsula Capital Bamako River Niger Ancient trading center Timbuktu Capital Valletta Knights Knights of St. John (Hospitalers) Capital Fort de France Dormant volcano Mt. Pelee City destroyed by Pelee, 1902 St. Pierre Capital and largest city Mexico City Number of states 31 Leader during Mexican-American war Santa Anna (one leg missing) Austrian archduke, ruled 1864-67 Maximilian Maximilian’s Belgian wife Grand Duchess Carlotta Man who overthrew Maximilian Benito Juarez President who overthrew Juarez, 1887 Porfirio Diaz Leader of Mexican revolution, 1910-14 Emilio Zapata President 1988-94 Carlos Salinas President, 1994-2000 Ernesto Zedillo President, 2000-2006 Jefe Vincente Fox President, 2006- Felipe Calderon Pyramid-building Indians, central Mexico Aztecs Pyramid-building Indians, Yucatan Mayans Aztec conqueror Hernando Cortez (Marquis del Valle de Oaxaca) Aztec god Quetzalcoatl Stone carving Indians Olmecs State and breed of dog was named Chihuahua Caribbean peninsula Yucatan Pacific peninsula Baja California Atlantic gulf Gulf of Mexico Pacific gulf Gulf of California (Sea of Cortez) Yucatan resort Cancun Island off of Yucatan Cozumel Southern state with insurgency Chiapas "Spicy" state north of the Yucatan Tobasco Christmas procession Peseta Candy-filled toy Piñata Artist-Muralist Diego Rivera Diego Rivera’s wife and artist Freda Khalo Mexican-American male golfer Lee Trevino Mexican-American female golfer Nancy Lopez Late Mexican-American singer Selena (Perez) Capital Monaco-Ville Principal income Gambling Gambling city Monte Carlo Current royalty Prince Rainier Rainier’s children Princesses Caroline and Stephanie, Prince Albert Prince Rainier’s spouse Princess Grace (Kelly) Royal house Grimaldi Currency Monegasque Franc He broke the bank at Monte Carlo Charles Wells Capital Ulan Bator Desert Gobi Rodent Gerbil Capital Rabat Port and largest city Casablanca Well known cities Fez, Marrakesh King who died in 1999 King Hassan II King Hassan II’s successor King Sedi Mohammed North African dish of semolina Couscous Capital Maputo Capital Yangon (former Rangoon) United Nations secretary general U Thant Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1996 Aung San Suu Kyi Religion Buddhism River Irrawaddy Bay Bay of Bengal Namibia Capital Windhoek Desert Namib CapitalKathmandu Wild ox Yak “Lost man” of Himalayas Yeti (Abominable Snowman) Seat of government The Hague Capital and largest city Amsterdam Port Rotterdam Pottery making city Delft Treaty city Maastricht Former currency Guilder (now Euro) Royal house Orange Current Queen Beatrix Beatrix’ mother Juliana Juliana’s mother Wilhelmina Priest and humanist, 1466-1536 Erasmus Artists Piet Mondrian, Jan Vameer, Rembrandt Architect Mies Van der Rohe Explorer Abel Tasman Oil company Royal Dutch Shell Oil Area drained for farmland Zuider Zee Colonies Ceylon, Cape Colony, Indonesia, New York (New Amsterdam), St. Maarten, Surinam, Aruba Capital Wellington Former capital Christchurch Currency Dollar Mountains Southern Alps Islands North Island, South Island Minor island Chatham Island Strait Cook Strait Explorer Sir Edmond Hillary Bird Kiwi Extinct bird Moa Indigenous people Maori Operatic soprano Kiri te Kanawa Capital Managua Lakes Lake Nicaragua, Lake Managua Dictator ousted in 1979 Anastasio Somoza Communist rebels Sandinistas Rebel leader and president Daniel Ortega Rebels against Sandinista government Contras Female president, 1990-97 Violeta Chamorro Capital Abuja Former capital and largest city Lagos Breakaway republic Biafra Capital Pyongyang Head of government, 1948-94 Kim Il-Sung Head of government, 1994-2011 Kim Jong Il Head of government, 2011- Kim Jong Un U.S. ship captured in 1968 Pueblo Capital Belfast Northern port Londonderry Actor Liam Neeson Capital and largest city Oslo (former Christiana) Second largest city Bergen Currency Kröne Island Spitsbergen Betrayer of Norway Vidkun Quisling Peer Gynt Composer Edvard Grieg Peer Gynt Playwright Heinrich Ibsen Explorer Roald Amundsen "Screaming" Artist Edvard Munch Actress Liv Ullman Olympic figure skater Sonja Henie Ethnologist Thor Heyerdahl Royal names Haakon, Harold Capital Islamabad Former capital, largest city and port Karachi Currency Rupee President, 1977-88 Ul-Haq Zia Prime minister, 1988-90, 1993-96 Benazir Bhutto (assassinated 2007) President, 001-2008 Perez Musharraf President, 2008 Asif Ali Zardari Northern disputed territory Kashmir Capital Panama City Currency Balboa Former general and strongman Manuel Noriega Capital Port Moresby Capital Asuncion Capital Lima President, 1992- Alberto Fujimori Indians Incas Incan dialect Ketchua Incan city in Andes Macchu Picchu Capital and largest city Manila Former capital Quezon City Currency Peso Largest island Luzon Luzon peninsula (WWII battle site) Bataan Manila Bay island Corregidor Largest religious group Roman Catholic Second largest religious group Islam Territorial governor, 1901 William Howard Taft Deposed president Ferdinand Marcos Marcos’ wife, known for shoe collection Imelda Exiled and assassinated activist Benigno (Ninoy) Aquino Female President, 1986-92 Corazon Aquino Former U.S. airbase Clark Former U.S. navy base Subic Bay Volcano Mt. Pinatubo Capital and largest city Warsaw Former capital Krakow (home of John Paul II) Port Gdansk (a.k.a. Danzig) Currency Zloty River Vistula Gdansk shipyard Lenin shipyard Union Solidarity Union leader and president, 1990-95 Lech Walesa (won Nobel Peace Prize) Composer and pianist Frédéric Chopin Astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus Pianist and Prime Minister, 1919 Ignace Paderewski Polish-English novelist Joseph Conrad Dance Polonaise Capital Lisbon Currency Escudo River Tagus Atlantic island group Azores Dictator, 1932-68 António Salazar Instructor to future explorers Prince Henry the Navigator Royal names Alfonso, Pedro Wine Port Wine valley Douro Former colonies Angola, Goa, Macau (returned to China in 1998), Indonesia, Formosa (Taiwan), Brazil, Cape Verde,Mozambique,Uruguay Capital Bucharest Mountains Transylvanian Alps (Carpathians) Sculptor Constantin Brancusi Nomadic people Gypsies Mad king Ludwig II Royalty Carol I, Carol II Dictator deposed in 1989 Nikolae Ceausescu Gymnast Nadia Comaneci Gymnastics coach Bela Karolyi Capital and largest city Moscow (home to world's busiest subway) Largest port St. Petersburg (former Leningrad) Currency Ruble Coin Kopeck Flag colors Red, white and blue Longest river Volga (longest in Europe) Moscow citidel Kremlin St. Petersburg river Neva Siberian lake Lake Baikal (world’s deepest lake) Former newspaper Pravda (truth) News agency Tass Breakaway republic Chechnya World’s longest railroad Trans-Siberian Railroad Trans-Siberian Railroad terminals Moscow to Vladivostok Father of Soviet H-bomb Andrei Sakharov Poet Aleksandr Pushkin Dramatist Nikolai Gogol Exiled author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Mad monk Grigori Rasputin Lenin’s majority Bolshevik Labor camp Gulag Jeweled egg maker Fabergé Triangular guitar Balalaika Royal family Romanov “Terrible” tsar, 1547-64 Ivan the Terrible “Great” tsar, 1682-1725 Peter the Great “Tsarina, built the Hermitage Catherine the Great Last Romanov tsar, 1894-1918 Nicholas II Interim prime minister, ousted in 1917 Alexander Kerensky Soviet dictator, 1918-24 Vladimir Lenin Soviet dictator, 1929-53 Josef Stalin Soviet premier, 1953-64 Nikita Khrushchev Soviet premier, 1964-82 Leonid Brezhnev Soviet premier, 1982-84 Yuri Andropov Soviet premier, 1984-85 Constantine Chernenko Soviet premier, 1985-91 Mikhail Gorbachev (Nobel Peace Prize, 1990) Russian president, 1991-1999 Boris Yeltsin Russian president, 1999- Vladimir Putin Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1975 Andrei Sakharov Capital Kigali Majority tribe Hutu Minority tribe Tutsi Capital and largest city Apia Capital Riyadh Islamic holy cities Mecca, Medina Currency Riyal Saudi Arabia founder and king, 1925-53 Ibn Saud King, 1964-75 King Faisal King, 1975-82 King Khalid King, 1982-2005 King Fahd King, 2005 King Abdullah Peninsula Arabian Peninsula Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Ancient name Caledonia City and breed of cattle Aberdeen River Tay Islands Inner and Outer Hebrides, Orkney Islands Highest mountain Ben Nevis Hills Lammermoor “Brave-hearted” leader William Wallace Jacobites supported him Bonnie Prince Charlie Royal house Stuart Robert I royal house Bruce Scottish “Robin Hood” Rob Roy Steam Engine Inventor James Watt Telephone Inventor Alexander Graham Bell Philosopher and historian David Hume Tea Magnate Sir Thomas Lipton Geologist James Hutton Steel magnate and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie Poet and songwriter Robert Burns (Caledonia’s poet) Robert Burns’ love Mary Campbell Naturalist John Muir Missionary in Africa and explorer David Livingstone Samuel Johnson’s mentor James Boswell Cabinet maker Duncan Fife Protestant leader John Knox Author who died in Samoa Robert Louis Stevenson Botanist David Douglas (Douglas fir) Pole tossing game Caber tossing Dance Highland fling Capital Dakar Capital Freetown Capital Singapore Currency Dollar National flower Orchid Famous hotel Raffles (where the Singapore Sling was invented) Capital Bratislava Capital Mogadishu Capitals: Executive Pretoria Legislative Cape Town Judicial Bloemfontein Indian Ocean port Durban National park Kruger National Park River Orange Southern cape Cape of Good Hope Provinces Natal, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Cape Province Currency Rand Gold coin Krugerrand Former segregation policy Apartheid Farmer Boer 19th century Boer leader Paul Kruger Playwright Athol Fugard Actress and dancer Juliet Prowse Martyred leader Steven Biko Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1984 Desmond Tutu President, 2009- Jacob Zuma President, 1984-89 Pieter Botha Prime minister, 1989-93 and Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1993 F. W. DeKlerk Prime minister, 1993- and Nobel Peace Prize Winner, 1993 Nelson Mandela Mandela’s former wife Winnie Mandela Cape Colony prime minister, 1898 Cecil Rhodes Heart transplant doctor Dr. Christiaan Barnard Female author Nadine Gordimer Female barefoot runner Zola Budd Capital Seoul Currency Won President, 1998-2003 and Nobel Peace Prize winner Kim Dae Jung President, 1948-60 Syngman Rhee President assassinated in 1979 Park Chung-Hee Dividing parallel to the north 38th parallel Major city in the southeast Pusan Allied invasion site Inchon Korean War armistice site, 1953 Panmunjon Symbol on flag Yin and Yang Female golfer Se Ri Pak Capital Madrid King, 1975- King Juan Carlos Head of State, 1936-1975 Francisco Franco Madrid museum Prado Madrid soccer (football) team Real Madrid Mediterranean port, capital of Catalonia Barcelona Southern port Cadiz Currency Peseta Former gold coin Doubloon Mediterranean islands Balearic Islands (Ibiza, Majorca) Peninsula Iberia French border mountains Pyrenees Central mountains Sierra Nevada Tourist coast Costa del Sol 13th to 15th century tribunal Inquisition Grand Inquisitor Torquemada Conqueror of Moorish Valencia in 1091 El Cid King, 1407-1504 Ferdinand II (of Aragon) Queen, 1407-1504 Isabella (of Castile) Ferdinand and Isabella’s daughter Catherine of Aragon Spanish fleet, 1588 Spanish Armada 16th century military adventurers Conquistadors Windmill region La Mancha Indigenous people of Northern Spain Basque Dialect of northern Spain Catalan Islamic sect Moors Last Moorish kingdom Granada Granada citadel Alhambra Toledo artist El Greco The Uprising of the 2nd of May painter Francisco Goya Islamic art Moorish Cubist Pablo Picasso Guitarist Andres Segovia Cellist Pablo Casals Fortified wine Sherry National sport Bullfighting General Francisco Franco Royalty names Alfonso XIII, Phillip II Capital Colombo Language Singhalese Minority separatists Tamils Author Arthur C. Clarke Main export Tea Capital Paramaribo Mountains Wilhelmina Mountains Currency Guilder Well-known city New Amsterdam Capital Khartoum Rivers Nile, White Nile, Blue Nile Capital Stockholm Port and ship building center Göteborg University Uppsala Currency Krona Furnature chain Ikea U.N. secretary-general Dag Hammarskjöld 1970’s singing group ABBA Swedish nightingale Jenny Lind Playwright August Strindberg Prize fighter Ingemar Johansson Botanist Carolus Linnaeus (taught at Uppsala) Assassinated leader Olaf Palm Diplomat who saved 100,000 lives Raoul Wallenberg Director Ingmar Bergman Actor Max Von Sydow Actress Greta Garbo Buxom actress Anita Ekberg Automaker Volvo Royal names Christina, Oscar, Carl Gustav Feast Smorgasbord Turnip Rutabaga Capital Bern Largest city Zurich Currency Franc Zurich airport Lugano Geographical districts Cantons (23 total) Lakes Lake Geneva, Lake Zurich Rivers Rhine, Rhone The “Gnomes of Zurich” Bankers Mountain Matterhorn Protestant reformer John Calvin Philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau Male psychiatrist Carl Jung Female psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross Long wooden horn Alpenhorn Tennis player Martina Hingis Capital Damascus President, 1971-2000 Hafez al-Assad President, 2000- Bashar al-Assad Largest city Aleppo Southern high ground, held by Israel Golan Heights Capital Taipei Island Formosa Capital Dodoma Former capital Dar es Salaam Union of these former countries Tanganyika and Zanzibar Language Swahili National Park Serengeti National Park Mountain Kilimanjaro Capital Bangkok ("Venice of the East") Northern city Chiang Mai Currency Baht Religion Buddhism Royalty King Bhumibol (Rama IX) Resort island Phuket National flower Orchid Famous bridge Bridge on the River Kwai Peninsula Malay Peninsula Capital Lhasa Spiritual leader Dalai Lama (won Nobel Peace Prize) Capital Port-of-Spain Capital Tunis Ancient city Carthage Carthage-Roman wars Punic Wars Capital Ankara Port and largest city Istanbul (formerly Byzantium and Constantinople) Currency Lira Peninsula Gallipoli River Meander Mountain Mt. Ararat Lake Lake Van Empires Byzantine, Ottoman President, 1923-38 (Mustafa) Kemal Ataturk He renamed Byzantium Constantinople, 330 AD Constantine I Byzantine empire ruler, 527-65 Justinian I “Magnificent” Ottoman ruler, 1520-66 Suleyman the Magnificent Istanbul inlet Golden Horn Istanbul Strait Bosporus Istanbul shrine Hagia Sophia (Santa Sophia) Istanbul Mosque The Blue Mosque Capital Kampala Israeli raid city Entebbe Former dictator Idi Amin Capital Kiev Peninsula Crimea Horse solder Cossack Sea Black Sea Plains Steppes Mountains Carpathians Nuclear power plant Chernobyl (accident in 1986) Chicken dish Chicken Kiev Capital Abu Dhabi (home to world’s tallest building) Gulf Persian Gulf Peninsula Arabian Peninsula Capital Montevideo Currency Peso Capital Tashkent Sea Aral Sea Capital Vatican City Vatican basilica St. Peter’s Basilica Vatican chapel Sistine Chapel Capital Caracas (birthplace of Simone Bolivar) Dictator, 1998-2013 Hugo Chavez Currency Bolivar River Orinoco Capital Hanoi Southern capital Ho Chi Minh City (former Saigon) Currency Dong Rivers Mekong, Red River Delta Mekong Delta Gulf Tonkin Central port Da Nang Bay Cam Ranh Site of French defeat, 1954 Dien Bien Phu North Vietnam leader, 1945-69 Ho Chi Minh Nobel Peace Prize winner (refused)1973 Le Duc Tho Capital Cardiff Mineral found in large deposits Slate Poet Dylan Thomas Actor Richard Burton Welsh for James Iago Welsh for William Liam Capital Belgrade President, 1998-2000 Slobodan Milosevic Republics Serbia, Montenegro Breakaway province Kosovo Capital Lusaka Capital Harare (former Salisbury) Head of government, 1987- Robert Mugabe Last Rhodesian prime minister Ian Smith
Estonia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Panama (originally part of Columbia)
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay (landlocked in South America)
Peru (South America’s western most country)
Philippines, The
Poland
Portugal
Romania (former Moldavia)
Russia (Europe’s most populous and largest country)
Samoa (formerly Western Samoa)
Saudi Arabia (largest country in middle east, world’s largest oil producer)
Tunisia (northernmost country in Africa)
Venezuela (named after Venice, Italy)
Vietnam
Wales (part of Great Britain)
Yugoslavia
Zaire (see Congo, Democratic Republic of)
Zambia (former Northern Rhodesia)
For more Royalty Trivia see Game Show Trivia, now in its 6th edition
