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What former Soviet minister was president of the new state of Georgia from 1995 to 2003?
What country is 5th in the world in size and in population?
What Egyptian president was ousted after serving only one year?
In what Netherlands city was the Treaty of European Union signed in 1992?
What Chilean desert, shared with Bolivia and Argentina, is the world's dryest place?
What island country lies at the end of the Malay Peninsula?
What is the world's smallest country?
What is the largest island nation in the Caribbean Sea?
What country became independant from Columbia in 1903?

Countries of the World

Countries by Area and Population:

Largest in area                                     Largest in population
1. Russia                                                          1. China
2. Canada                                                         2. India
3. China                                                           3. United States
4. United States                                                4. Indonesia
5. Brazil                                                           5. Brazil 
6. Australia                                                       6. Pakistan
7. India                                                            7. Nigeria
8. Argentina                                                      8. Bangladesh
9. Kazakhstan                                                    9. Russia
10. Sudan                                                         10. Japan

Countries of the World:

Afghanistan
Capital............................................................................................. Kabul
President, 2001-.......................................................................Hamid Karzai
Freedom fighters...................................................................... Mudjaheddin
Former ruling party.......................................................................... Taliban
Mountain pass.......................................................................... Khyber Pass
City named for Alexander the Great..................................................Kandahar

Albania
Capital.............................................................................................Tirana
Royalty........................................................................................ King Zog
Nobel Peace Prize winner........................................................ Mother Teresa

Algeria (former French colony)
Capital............................................................................................ Algiers
16th century fortress........................................................................ Kasbah

Andorra
Capital................................................................................ Andorra la Vella
Mountains..................................................................................... Pyrenees
Principal language........................................................................... Catalan

Angola (former Portuguese colony)
Capital........................................................................................... Luanda
Indigenous people............................................................................. Bantu
Language.................................................................................. Portuguese

Antigua & Barbuda (largest of Caribbean Leeward Islands)
Capital........................................................................................ St. John’s

Argentina
Capital.................................................................................. Buenos Aires
Currency............................................................................................ Peso
Religion.............................................................................. Roman Catholic
Language...................................................................................... Spanish
Desert............................................................ Atacama (world’s driest place)
Mountain...................... Aconcagua (summit in Argentina but shared with Chile)
River.............................................................Rio de la Plata (“river of silver”)
Strait.............................................................................. Strait of Magellan
Southern plateau......................................................................... Patagonia
Plains...................................................................................... The Pampas
Southern island shared with Chile .....................Tierra del Fuego (“Land of Fire”)
Site of 1982 war.................................................................. Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands Argentine name...................................................... Malvinas
Cowboys....................................................................................... Gauchos
Gaucho weapon................................................................................... Bola
President 1946-55, 1973-74......................................................... Juan Peron
Juan Peron’s second wife, died 1972..................................... Evita (Eva) Peron
Juan Peron’s third wife and president 1974-76............................ Isabelle Peron
National dance...................................................................................Tango
Tennis star........................................................................ Gabriela Sabatini

Armenia
Capital........................................................................................... Yerevan
Mountains.................................................................................... Caucasus

Australia (only nation on an entire continent, world’s sixth largest country)
Nickname.................................................................. “The Land Down Under”
Capital........................................................................................ Canberra
Prime Minister, 1991-96............................................................... Bob Hanke
Prime minister, 1996-2007......................................................... John Howard
Prime minister,  2007-2010.......................................................... Kevin Rudd
Prime minister,  2010-................................................................ Julia Gillard
States:............................................................................. New South Wales
..................................................................................................... Victoria
............................................................................................... Queensland
.......................................................................................... South Australia
....................................................................................... Western Australia
.................................................................................................. Tasmania
Currency........................................................................................... Dollar
Largest city..................................................................................... Sydney
Second largest............................................................................. Melbourne
Western Australia city......................................................................... Perth
North coast city................................................................................ Darwin
Harbor Bridge location....................................................................... Sydney
Sydney airport............................................................ Kingsford Smith Airport
Sydney area beach.....................................................................Bondi Beach
Sydney Harbor landmark...................................................... The Opera House
Lake............................................................................................ Lake Eyre
Largest island............................................................................... Tasmania
Longest river........................................................................... Darling River*
Bay.......................................................................................... Botany Bay
Eastern sea.............................................................................. Tasman Sea
Color changing landmark, "The Remarkable Pebble"................ Ayres Rock (Uluru)
Wild dog.......................................................................................... Dingo
Native people............................................................................. Aborigines
Aboriginal rite............................................................................. Walkabout
Aborigine weapon...................................................................... Boomerang
Stagnant water............................................................................ Billabong
Actor........................................................................................ Paul Hogan
Singer........................................................................... Olivia Newton-John
Opera singer............................................................................ Nellie Melba
Female author ................................................................Colleen McCullough
Super model......................................................................... Elle McPherson
Tennis grand slam winner....................................................... Margaret Court
Media Magnate..................................................................... Rupert Murdoch
Olympic site summer 1956............................................................ Melbourne
Olympic site summer 2000................................................................ Sydney
Gum tree................................................................................... Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus eater............................................................................... Koala
Duckbilled mammal........................................................................ Platypus
Reef................................................................................ Great Barrier Reef
Popular beer....................................................................................Foster's
Popular wine...............................................................................Yellow Tail
* Some sources list the Murry River as Australia’s longest river

Austria
Capital and largest city.............................................. Vienna (The Waltz City)
Dynasty, 1247-1918................................................... Hapsburg (or Habsburg)
Former currency................................................................ Shilling (now Euro)
Winter Olympics site, 1964 and 1976............................................... Innsbruck
Newspaper............................................................................ Wiener Zuting
U.N. Secretary-General............................................................ Kurt Waldheim
Salzburg born Composer......................................... Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Actor and politician..................................................... Arnold Schwarzenegger
Holy Roman Empress............................................................... Maria Theresa
Vienna psychoanalysis pioneer................................................. Sigmund Freud

Azerbaijan
Capital.............................................................................................. Baku
Mountains.................................................................................... Caucasus
Lake........................................................................................ Caspian Sea
World chess champion, 1985-2000............................................ Gary Kasparov

Bahamas
Capital and largest city.................................................................... Nassau
Second largest city.......................................................................... Freeport
Nassau island....................................................................... New Providence
Largest island.................................................................................. Andros
Columbus’ original landing point................................................. San Salvador

Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan)
Capital............................................................................................. Dhaka
Bay....................................................................................... Bay of Bengal
Language........................................................................................ Bengali

Barbados
Capital.......................................................................................Bridgetown
Island group..........................................................................Lesser Antillies
Singer............................................................................................Rihanna

Belarus (former SSR)
Capital............................................................................................. Minsk
Religion............................................................................ Eastern Orthodox
Currency........................................................................................... Ruble

Belgium (won its independence from the Netherlands)
Capital and largest city..................................... Brussels (NATO headquarters)
Largest port...................................Antwerp (major diamond processing center)
Napolleonic battle site....................................................................Waterloo
City of treaty that ended War of 1812.................................................. Ghent
Former currency.................................................................. Franc (now Euro)
Religion.............................................................................. Roman Catholic
WW I cemetery...................................................................... Flanders Field
Language....................................................................................... Flemish
Ethnic groups................................................................. Flemings, Walloons
Flemish cartographer...........................................................Gerardus Mercator
Flemish painter.......................... Sir Anthony Van Dyck (beard named after him)
Surrealist.............................................................................. Rene Magritte
Artist who taught van Dyke................................................. Peter Paul Rubens
Fictional detective................................................................. Hercules Poirot
Cheese........................................................................................ Limburger
Current king................................................................................... Alfred II
Other royalty........................................................... Leopold I & II, Baudouin
Colony............................................................................ The Belgian Congo

Belize (formerly British Honduras)
Capital........................................................................................ Belmopan

Bermuda
Capital......................................................................................... Hamilton

Bolivia (Formerly Upper Peru, named after Simon Bolivar)
Legal capital...................................................................................... Sucre
Administrative capital......La Paz (“The Peace”, highest world capital in elevation)
Religion............................................................................... Roman Catholic
Language....................................................................................... Spanish
Lake ............................................................................................. Titicaca
Mineral held in large deposits.................................................................. Tin

Bosnia-Herzegovina
Capital.......................................................................................... Sarajevo
Author of teen diary........................................................... Zlata (Frankovich)

Botswana (formerly Bechuanaland)
Capital......................................................................................... Gaborone
Desert........................................................................................... Kalahari
Swamp......................................................................................... Okavango

Brazil (largest country in South America)
Capital........................................................................................... Brasilia
Former capital........................................................................ Rio de Janeiro
Rio beaches............................................................ Copacabana and Ipanima
Religious statue overlooking Rio....................................... Christ the Redeemer
Rio mountain.................................................................................Sugarloaf
Largest city.................................................................................. Sao Paulo
Language................................................................................... Portuguese
Religion............................................................................... Roman Catholic
Currency............................................................................................. Real
National dance..................................................................................Samba
River............................................................................................. Amazon
Stadium (world’s largest)................................................... Maracana Stadium
Royalty.................................................................................... Pedro I & II
Actress who wore fruit on her head......................................... Carmen Miranda

Brunei
Island.............................................................................................. Borneo
Ruler (by decree)............................................................. The Sultan of Brunei

Bulgaria
Capital................................................................................................ Sofia
Royalty.................................................................................... King Boris III

Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta)
Capital................................................................................... Ouagadougou

Buthan .
Capital...........................................................................................Thimphu
Mountains.....................................................................................Himilayas

Cambodia (former Kampuchea)
Capital..................................................................................... Phnom Penh
Religion....................................................................................... Buddhism
Ancient empire........................................................................ Khmer Empire
Communist organization............................................................ Khmer Rouge
Khmer Rouge leader, died in 1998...................................................... Pol Pot
Ancient Buddhist temple............................................................. Angkor Wat
Royalty.................................................................... King Norodom Sihanouk

Canada (world’s second largest country)
   Provinces:..............................................................................Capitals:
Alberta....................................................................................... Edmonton
British Columbia..................................................... Victoria (The Garden City)
Manitoba (the Prairie Province)....................................................... Winnipeg
New Brunswick (borders Maine).................................................... Fredericton
Newfoundland (the newest province)............................................... St. John’s
Nova Scotia (New Scotland)............................................................... Halifax
Ontario.......................................................................................... Toronto
Prince Edward Island......................... Charlottetown (The Cradle of the Waves)
Quebec (the Maple Syrup Province)..................................................... Quebec
Saskatchewan.................................................................................. Regina
Number of provinces..............................................................................Ten
Territories:
Northwest Territory.................................................................... Yellowknife
Yukon Territory (borders Alaska).................................................. Whitehorse
Nunavut......................................................................................... Iqaluit
Other facts:
Capital........................................................................................... Ottawa
Largest city.................................................................................... Toronto
Second-largest city......................................................................... Montreal
Largest city in Alberta.......................................................................Calgary
Largest city in British Columbia.......................................................Vancouver
Largest province.............................................................................. Quebec
National anthem......................................................................... O, Canada
Largest Island......................................................................... Baffin Island
Northernmost island........................................................... Ellesmere Island
British Columbian island..................................................... Vancouver Island
Longest river.............................................................................. Mackenzie
River feeding into Hudson Bay..........................................................Churchill
Currency........................................................................................... Dollar
Toronto tower.................................................. CN (Canadian National) Tower
Prime minister, 1968-79, 1980-84............................................. Pierre Trudeau
Conservative prime minister, 1984-93....................................... Brian Mulroney
Female prime minister, 1993..................................................... Kim Campbell
Liberal prime minister, 1993-2003............................................. Jean Chretien
Prime minister, 2003-2006........................................................... Paul Martin
Prime minister, 2006-............................................................ Stephen Harper
NW Territory lake............................................................... Great Slave Lake
Nova Scotia island.................................................................... Cape Breton
Nova Scotia French area.................................................................... Acadia
Nova Scotia ship builder............................................. Cunard (founded 1787)
Newfoundland air traffic control center................................................ Gander
Montreal University........................................................................... Magill
Comedian and actor.................................................................... Jim Carrey
Snowbird singer....................................................................... Anne Murray
Game show host....................................................................... Alex Trebek
Alberta national park......................................................................... Banff
Alberta rodeo.................................................................. Calgary Stampede
Canada to USA proposed pipeline....................................................Keystone
Banff lake............................................................................... Lake Louise
Yukon gold rush area.................................................................... Klondike
Capitals named for Queen Victoria................................... Victoria and Regina

Chad
Capital...................................................................................... N’djamena
Desert............................................................................................ Sahara

Chile (southernmost South American country)
Capital......................................................................................... Santiago
Revolutionary leader, 1817-23........................................... Bernardo O’Higgins
Marxist president, 1970-73................................................... Salvador Allende
Man who overthrew Allende................................................. Augusto Pinochet
Currency............................................................................................ Peso
Mountain............................................................. Aconcagua (with Argentina)
Desert............................................................ Atacama (world’s driest place)
Southern island............................................ Tierra del Fuego (with Argentina)  
Pacific island........................................................... Easter Island (Papa Nui)
Poet....................................................................................... Pablo Neruda
Female author..................................................................... Isabelle Allende
Mineral held in large deposits............................................................. Copper

China (world’s third largest country)
Capital................................................................... Beijing (formerly Peking)
Largest city.................................................................................. Shanghai
Currency............................................................................................ Yuan
Major language dialects............................................ Cantonese and Mandarin
Ancient Northern China..................................................................... Cathay
Ancient philosopher...................................................................... Confucius
Last emperor..................................................................................... Pu-Yi
Dynasty 1368-1644................................................................. Ming Dynasty
Last dynasty...................................................................................Manchu
Communist revolutionary leader................................................ Mao Tse-tung
Premier under Mao Tse-tung......................................................... Chou Enlai
Head of government, 1976-92................................................. Deng Xiaoping
Youth military............................................................................ Red Guard
Chinese-American architect............................................................. I. M. Pei
Chinese-American sleuth........................................................... Charlie Chan
Chinese self-defense....................................................................... Kung-fu
Desert.............................................................................................. Gobi
Longest river................................................................................. Yangtze
Second longest river......................................................................... Yellow
Counting table................................................................................ Abacus
Chinese root................................................................................... Ginseng
Site of world’s largest McDonalds’ restaurant ...................................... Beijing
Beijing square.................................................................. Tiananmen Square
Beijing temple.................................................................. Temple of Heaven
Beijing central area................................................................ Forbidden City
Violent uprising, 1900........................................................... Boxer Rebellion
Industrial objective, 1956................................................ Great Leap Forward
Egalitarian movement, 1966.............................................. Cultural revolution
Art of furniture arranging............................................................... Feng Shui

Columbia (only South American country with Caribbean and Pacific coasts)
Former name........................................................................Gran-Columbia
Capital.......................................................................................... Bogota
Second largest city.........................................................................Medellin
Currency........................................................................................... Peso
Religion............................................................................. Roman Catholic
Author.............................................................................. Gabriel Marquez
Drug cartels.......................................................................... Cali, Medellin

Congo, Republic of
Capital..................................................................................... Brazzaville

Congo, Democratic Republic of (formerly Zaire)
Capital........................................................................................ Kinshasa
River............................................................................................... Congo

Costa Rica
Capital and largest city.................................................................. San Jose
President, 1986-2010................ Oscar Arias Sanchez  (Nobel Peace Prize, 1987)

Croatia
Capital......................................................Zagreb (last in alphabetical order)

Cuba (largest island in Caribbean)
Capital......................................................................................... Havana
Head of government, 1959-....................................................... Fidel Castro
Former dictator, overthrown by Castro................................. Fulgencio Batista
Castro’s revolutionary aide....................................................... Che Guevera
Castro’s brother................................................................................. Raul
U.S. Naval Base..................................................... Guantanamo Bay (Gitmo)
Site of failed invasion, 1961........................................................ Bay of Pigs
Brothers pitching major league baseball.............. Livan and Orlando Hernandez
World high jump record holder............................................ Javier Sodomayer

Cyprus
Capital........................................................................................... Nicosia
First president.............................................................. Archbishop Makarios
Mythical king.............................................................................. Pygmalion

Czech Republic (formerly part of Czechoslovakia)
Capital.............................................................. Prague (City of 1000 Spires)
Prague cathedral........................................................................... St. Vitus
President, 1992-93, 1993-......................................................... Vaclav Havel
Leader during Prague Spring, 1968....................................... Alexander Dubcek
Region......................................................................................... Bohemia
New World Symphony composer.............................................. Antonin Dvorak
The Bartered Bride composer............................................... Bedrich Smetana
Female tennis star.......................................................... Martina Navratilova
Male tennis star.......................................................................... Ivan Lendl

Denmark
Capital and largest city.............................................................. Copenhagen
Peninsula........................................................................................ Jutland
Royalty......................................................................... Queen Margarethe II
Other royal names............................................................. Christina, Fredrick
Ruling house................................................................................... Orange
Currency........................................................................................... Kröne
Overseas regions................................................ Greenland and Faroe Islands
Flag............................................................. Dannenbrög (world’s oldest flag)
Glazed earthenware town......................................................................Delft
Astronomer............................................................................... Tycho Brahe
Philosopher...................................................................... Søren Kierkegaard
Explorer................................................... Vitus Bering (Bering Sea and Strait)
Physicist..................................................................................... Niels Bohr
Author................................................................ Isak Dinesen (Karen Blixen)
Short story writer...................................................... Hans Christian Anderson
Piano comic............................................................................... Victor Borge
National drink.................................................................................. Acabee
Copenhagen Harbor figure................................................... The Little Mermaid
Copenhagen amusement park................................................... Tivoli Gardens

Dominican Republic (where Columbus is buried)
Capital................................................................................. Santo Domingo
Island...................................... Hispaniola (second-largest island in Caribbean)

East Germany (now part of Germany)
Capital....................................................................................... East Berlin
Dividing wall............................................................................... Berlin Wall
Berlin Wall crossing point.................................................... Brandenburg Gate
Figure skater........................................................................... Katarina Witt

Ecuador (yes, the equator runs through it)
Capital............................................................................................. Quito
Currency........................................................................................... Sucre
Language....................................................................................... Spanish
Second most widely spoken language.............................................. Quechuan
Islands............................................................................ Galapagos Islands

Egypt
President, 2012-13 (in dispute)...............................................Mohamed Morsi
Capital and largest city......................................... Cairo (largest city in Africa)
Cairo square............................................................................Tahrir Square
Second-largest city....................... Alexandria (founded by Alexander the Great)
Ancient capitals................................................................. Memphis, Thebes
Dam................................................................................. Aswan High Dam
Aswan Dam lake....................................................................... Lake Nasser
River.................................................................................................. Nile
Canal................................................................................................ Suez
Currency.......................................................................................... Pound
Largest pyramid........................................................... Khufu (a.k.a. Cheops)
King, 1932-52........................................................................... King Farouk
Man who overthrew King Farouk, 1952........................................ Abdul Nasser
President, 1970-81............................... Anwar Sadat (Nobel Peace Prize, 1979)
President, 1981-2011............................................................. Hosni Mubarak
Amenhotep III’s son, 17th century BC............................................ Akhenaton
Akhenaton’s wife............................................................................ Nefertiti
Longest ruling female Pharaoh, 14th century BC..............................Hatshepsut
King who died at age 18, c. 1350 BC........................... Tutankhamen (King Tut)
Book found in ancient tombs................................................ Book of the Dead
3rd to 6th B.C.dynasties............................................................ Old Kingdom
18th to 30th B.C.dynasties....................................................... New Kingdom
19th dynasty rulers............................................................. Ramses II, Seti I
15th to 18th B.C. century dynasty...................................................... Mamluk
King who fathered 160 children...................................................... Ramses II
Christian sect.......................................................................... Coptic Church

El Salvador (only Central American country without a Caribbean coastline,
the smallest Central American country)
Capital................................................................................... San Salvador
President 1980-82, 1984-89.......................................... Jose Napoleon Duarte

England- See Great Britain

Estonia
Capital........................................................................................... Tallinn

Ethiopia
Capital................................................................................... Addis Ababa
Emperor 1930-74..........................................Haile Selassie (a.k.a. Ras Tafari)
Country newly independent from Ethiopia..............................................Eritre

Fiji (Pacific island group)
Capital............................................................................................. Suva
Largest island.............................................................................. Viti Levu

Finland
Capital.......................................... Helsinki (site of Accord on Human Rights)
Gulf................................................................................... Gulf of Bothnia
Currency....................................................................................... Markka
Northern herdsmen...........................................................Lapps (aka Sami)
Cell Phone maker..............................................................................Nokia
Composer............................................................................. Jean Sibelius
Finnish-American architect..................................................... Eero Saarinen
Runner known as the “Flying Finn”............................................ Paavo Nurmi

France
Capital and largest city.................................................................... Paris
Southern port............................................................................ Marseille
Film festival city.......................................................................... Cannes
Brigitte Bardot’s tourist city...................................................... St. Tropez
Spa city and World War II capital..................................................... Vichy
Former seat of the Papacy........................................................... Avignon
Stained glass cathedral city......................................................... Chartres
Porcelain city............................................................................. Limoges
National anthem................................................................ Les Marseilles
Premier, 1906-09, 1917-20......................................... Georges Clemenceau
Chief of Vichey government, 1940-40....................................Marshal Pétain
Current government...................................................... The Fifth Republic
   Fifth Republic leaders:
President, 1958-69........................................................ Charles de Gaulle
President, 1969-74 ...................................................... Georges Pompidou
President, 1974-81............................................... Valery Giscard d’Estaing
Socialist president 1981-95.......................................... Francois Mitterrand
President, 1995-2007............................Jacques Chirac (former Paris mayor)
President, 2007-12......................................................... Nicholas Sarkozy
Sarkozy’s wife....................................................................... Carla Bruni
Current president, 2012-.................................................François Hollande
Floral symbol....................................................................... Fleur-de-Lis
Paris site, Tomb of the Unknown Soldier............................ Arc de Triomphe
Paris gardens.......................................................................... Tuilleries
Paris river.................................................................................... Seine
Paris’ oldest bridge.................................................................. Pont Neuf
Tourist coast......................................................................... Cote d’Azur
Mustard region............................................................................... Dijon
Hot summer month.................................................................. Thermidor
Empire including France, 900 A.D.............................................. Carolingian
12th century minstrels........................................................... Troubadours
Ruling house of France, 987-1328............................................... Capetians
Middle ages middle class......................................................... Bourgeoisie
Ruling family, 13th to 19th century.............................................. Bourbons
Philosopher and Armine Bejart’s lover............................................. Molière
French Protestants.................................................................. Huguenots
Cardinal whoopposed the Huguenots............................... Cardinal Richelieu
Day the Huguenots were massacred.......................... St. Bartholomew’s Day
Document of the revolution, 1789.................Declaration of the Rights of Man
Prison stormed by French peasants................................................ Bastille
Date of the storming of the Bastille....................................... July 14, 1789
French leader subject of a David painting............................ Jean-Paul Marat
She killed Marat............................................................. Charlotte Corday
Leader deposed on 9 Thermidor, 1794....................... Maximilian Robespierre
Robespierre’s supporters............................................................. Jacobins
The Sun King (le Roi Soleil)........................................................ Louis XIV
Louis XIV’s imprisoned brother............................ The “Man in the Iron Mask”
Louis XV’s lover.......................................................... Madame Pompadour
Louis XVI’s Queen........................................................... Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette’s mother.......................... Maria Teresa (of the Habsburgs)
Palace built by Louis XIV.......................................................... Versailles
Versailles’ hall................................................................... Hall of Mirrors
Napoleon’s first wife................................................................. Josephine
Napoleon’s second wife......................................................... Marie Louise
He defeated Napoleon at Waterloo................................ Duke of Wellington
Napoleon’s brother, king of Rome............................................ Napoleon II
Napoleon’s brother, king of Spain.................................... Joseph Bonaparte
Napoleon’s nephew, emperor of France, 1852-70....................................... ..................................................................Napoleon III (Louis Napoleon)
Army major stripped of honor, 1895....................................... Major Dreyfus
He defended Major Dreyfus with J’Accuse..................................…Émile Zola
Island where Major Dreyfus was exiled................................... Devil’s Island
Trendsetter and actress, 1890’s......................................... Sarah Bernhardt
Philosopher, developed analytical geometry.......................... René Descartes
Founder of modern chemistry.......................................... Antionne Lavoisier
Grand dictionary lexicographer............................................. Pierre Larouse
Photography pioneer, 19th century....................................... Louis Daguerre
Famous actress, late 19th century, early 20th century............Sarah Bernhadrt
Ballooning brothers, late 18th century...........................Montgolfier brothers
Probability pioneer.............................................................. Blaise Pascal
French-Algerian existential author..........................................Albert Camus
Baby doctor................................................................. Ferdinand Lamaze
Largest auto company................................................................. Renault
French Terms
Radical inovation...................................................................Avant garde
Dispatch in style................................................................Depeche mode
Fatal or dangerous woman...................................................Femme Fatale

Gambia (Africa’s smallest mainland country)
Capital........................................................................................ Banjul

Gabon
Capital.................................................................................... Libreville

Georgia
Capital........................................................................................ Tbilisi
President 1995-2003................................................. Edvard Shevardnadze
Mountains............................................................................... Caucasus
Religion....................................................................... Eastern Orthodox
Sea........................................................................................ Black Sea

Germany
Capital........................................................................................... Berlin
West German capital ........................................................................ Bonn
Port and second largest city.......................................................... Hamburg
Twin tower cathedral city............................................................... Cologne
Oldest European university city................................................... Heidelberg
City destroyed in Allied firestorm.................................................... Dresden
Home of Wagner music festival...................................................... Bayreuth
Capital of Bavaria........................................................................... Munich
City known for its baths.......................................................... Baden Baden
German chancellor, 1871-90............... Otto von Bismarck  (The Iron Chancellor)
Emperor, 1890-1918............................................ Kaiser Wilhelm (William) II
President of German Republic, 1925-34............................ Paul von Hindenburg
West German chancellor, 1949-63...........................Konrad Adenauer (Der Alte)
West German chancellor, 1969-74.....Willy Brandt (won Nobel Peace Prize, 1971)
West German chancellor, 1974-82.......................................... Helmut Schmidt
West German and German chancellor, 1982-98............................. Helmut Kohl
German chancellor 1998-2005............................................. Gerhard Schröeder
German Chancellor 2009.......................................................... Angela Merkel
Industrial region................................................................................. Ruhr
Former currency...................................................................Mark (now Euro)
Hamburg river..................................................................................... Elbe
17th century transcendental philosopher.................................. Immanuel Kant
20th century psychology............................................ Gestalt (German school)
1930’s actress.................................................................... Marlene Dietrich
Physicist................................................................................... Max Planck
German-American physicist..................................................... Albert Einstein
Chemist............................................................................... Robert Bunsen
Astronomer......................................................................... Johannes Kepler
Playwright.............................................................................. Bertolt Brecht
Weimar school of arts and crafts....................................................... Bauhaus
Bauhaus architect.................................................................. Walter Gropius
Steel making family............................................................................ Krupp
Baroque composer.............................................. Johann Sebastian (J. S.) Bach
J. S. Bach’s composer son...C. P. E. Bach (most famous of several composer sons)
Noble family............................................................................. Hohenzollern
Annual Bavarian party................................................................. Oktoberfest
16th century Reformation leader.................................................. Martin Luther
19th century publisher..................................................................... Baedeker
Airship........................................................................................... Zeppelin
Airship, set Atlantic crossing record, 1929.................................... Graf Zeppelin
Airship, blew up at Lakehurst, NJ, 1937..............Hindenburg (“Oh, the humanity”)
Aspirin manufacturer........................................................................... Bayer
Harmonica manufacturer.....................................................................Hohner
   German terms:
Snout............................................................................................. Snorkel
Ghostly double........................................................................ Doppelgänger
Child prodigy............................................................................. Wunderkind
Pipe......................................................................................... Meerschaum
Count.................................................................................................. Graf
Song....................................................................................................Lied
Substitute......................................................................................... Ersatz
Dumplings...................................................................................... Spaetzle

Ghana (former Gold Coast)
Capital.............................................................................................. Accra
US ambassador.............................................................. Shirley Temple Black
UN Secretary-General................................................................... Kofi Annan

Great Britain
Capital and largest city...................................................................... London
Second largest city...................................................................... Birmingham
Major river....................................................................................... Thames
National anthem.................................................... God Save the Queen (King)
Port where the Beatles originated..................................................... Liverpool
Hot springs city.................................................................................... Bath
Prime minister, 2010-.............................................................. David Cameron
Prime minister, 2007-2010......................................................... Gordon Brown
Prime minister, 1997-2007.............................................................. Tony Blair
Prime minister, 1990-97................................................................ John Major
Prime minister, 1979-90...................................................... Margaret Thatcher
Major and Thatcher’s party......................................................... Conservative
Prime minister, 1955-57...................................................... Earl Anthony Eden
Prime minister, 1945-51.......................................................... Clement Attlee
Prime minister, 1940-45, 1951-55..................................... Sir Winston Churchill
Prime minister, 1937-40................................................... Neville Chamberlain
Prime minister, 1916-22.................................................... David Lloyd George
Late 19th prime minister four times...................................... William Gladstone
Prime minister, 1874-80....................................................... Benjamin Disraeli
Lord Protector, 1653-58.......................................................... Oliver Cromwell
Lord Chancellor, 1618-26 and philosopher..................................... Francis Bacon
Rhodes scholars university................................................................... Oxford
Oxford’s rival................................................................................ Cambridge
Boys prep school, founded by Henry VI in 1440.......................................... Eton
Private residence of British monarchs....................................... Balmoral Castle
Home of British monarchs.................................................. Buckingham Palace
Palace that burned, 1997......................................................... Windsor Castle
Prince and Princess of Wales’ home...................................... Kensington Palace
Royal seaside resort......................................................................... Brighton
Foreign ambassador’s residence............................................... St. James Court
London church where monarchs are crowned........................... Westminster Abby
Westminster Abby cemetery....................................................... Poets’ Corner
London baroque cathedral (burned 1666)............................... St. Paul Cathedral
London square with Lord Nelson’s statue.................................. Trafalgar Square
London area with statue of Eros............................................... Piccadilly Circus
London wax museum.......................................................... Madame Tussaud’s
London museum with the Rosetta Stone.................................... British Museum
London park known for its orators.................................................... Hyde Park
London insane asylum.................. Bethlam (where the word bedlam comes from)
Conquest of 1066................................................................. Norman Conquest
Battle ending the Norman Conquest....................................... Battle of Hastings
Tapestry depicting Norman Conquest........................................ Bayeux Tapestry
King who signed the Magna Carta, 1215............................................. King John
Place where Magna Carta was signed............................................... Runnymede
Ancient astronomical stone relic...................................................... Stonehenge
Stonehenge plain............................................................................. Salisbury
Man murdered in Canterbury Cathedral...................................... Thomas Beckett
13th century scholar and alchemist................................................ Roger Bacon
1381 John Bull and Wat Tyler tax revolt.................................... Peasant’s Revolt
1455-85 war........................................................................ War of the Roses
Opponents in the War of the Roses................... Red vs White (York vs Lancaster)
Battle ending War of the Roses.................................... Battle of Bosworth Field
Place where British fleet defeated Napoleon.........................................Trafalgar
Admiral at Trafalgar, lost a leg and an eye in battle.............. Lord Horatio Nelson
Lord Nelson’s lover................................................................. Emma Hamilton
British ambassador to Turkey, 1799-1803 .........Lord Thomas Elgin (Elgin Marbles)
Commander defeated at Khartoum, 1884..................... Charles (Chinese) Gordon
Explorer who translated Arabian Nights.................................. Sir Richard Burton
Explorer who discovered Lake Victoria............................................. John Speke
Man who found David Livingstone..................................... Henry Morton Stanley
Conqueror of India, 1755-56 ....................................... Robert Clive (of Plassey)
Surveyor General of India, 1830-41....................................... Sir George Everest
Female in Parliament, 1919-45............................................... Lady Nancy Astor
Capital of British India...................................................................... Calcutta
British cavalry troops of India................................................... Bengal Lancers
British dungeon in India................................................. Black Hole of Calcutta
Mau Mau rebellion country.................................................................... Kenya
Declaration for a Jewish homeland, 1917............................... Balfour Declaration
17th century diarist .................................................................. Samuel Pepys
17th century poet and dramatist.................................................... John Dryden
17th century philosopher................................................................ John Locke
18th century pottery maker................................................. Josiah Wedgewood
18th century furniture maker............................................. Thomas Chippendale
19th century philosopher and mathematician..............................Bertrand Russell
19th century anatomist..........................................Henry Grey (Grey's Anatomy)
Engraver............................................................................... William Hogarth
Romance novelist.................................................................. Barbara Cartland
Jockey and mystery writer............................................................. Dick Francis
Female mystery writer...............................................................Agatha Christi
Landscape painter................................................................... John Constable
Constable’s rival...................................................................... William Turner
Historian................................................................................. Kenneth Clark
Playwright................................................................................. Harold Pinter
News service.................................................................................... Reuters
Insurance Agency................................................................. Lloyd’s of London
Encyclopedia, debuting in 1768...................................... Encyclopedia Britannica
Barrister........................................................................................... Lawyer
Nanny’s formal name...................................................................... Governess
Travel agency founder, 1828........................................................ Thomas Cook
British West Point.......................................................................... Sandhurst
British envoy held hostage in Lebanon............................................ Terry Waite
British ballerina............................................................... Dame Margo Fonteyn
British-American soccer star........................................................ David Beckam
British terms, a.k.a "Queen's English:
Chips...........................................................................................French Fries
Bangers...........................................................................................Sausages
Nappy.................................................................................................Diaper
Draughts..........................................................................................Checkers
Lift...................................................................................................Elevator
Aubergine.........................................................................................Eggplant
Canteen...........................................................................................Cafeteria
Torch..............................................................................................Flashlight
Braces..........................................................................................Suspenders
Lift...................................................................................................Elevator
Torch..............................................................................................Flashlight
Boot............................................................................................Trunk (auto)
Silencer......................................................................................Muffler (auto)
Bonnet.........................................................................................Hood (auto)
Colonies.........Belize (British Honduras), Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Guyana, India, Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Bahamas, British West Indies (Turks & Caicos), Falkland Islands, United States

Greece
Capital and largest city........................................................................ Athens
Second largest city...................................................................... Thessalonica
Largest port....................................................................................... Piraeus
Prime Minister 1975-89..................................................... Georgios Papandreou
Last king................................................................................. Constantine II
Former currency................................................................ Drachma (now Euro)
Religion................................................................... Eastern (Greek) Orthodox
Peninsula................................................................................. Peloponnesus
Oracle site......................................................................................... Delphi
Athens fortified hilltop...................................................................... Acropolis
Acropolis’ landmark......................................................................... Parthenon
Largest island....................................................................................... Crete
Ancient Crete capital.......................................................................... Knossos
Ancient king of Crete............................................................................. Minos
Second largest island........................................................................... Euboea
Sappho’s island................................................................................... Lesbos
Tallest mountain............................................................................... Olympus
Plain............................................................................................... Marathon
Mountain pass............................................................................. Thermopylae
Philosopher poisoned by hemlock......................................................... Socrates
Philosopher and Academy founder............................................................ Plato
Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great.............................................. Aristotle 
Theorem mathematician................................................................. Pythagoras 
First actor......................................................................................... Thespis
He had a sword hanging over his head................................................ Damocles
Physician, doctor’s oath named for him............................................. Hippocrates
Follower of Hippocrates.......................................................................... Galen
He sought an honest man.................................................................. Diogenes
Mathematician, founder of hydrostatics............................................. Archimedes
Shipping magnate.................................................................. Aristotle Onassis
Greek-American tennis player....................................................... Pete Sampras
Greek-American opera singer.......................................................... Maria Callas
Liquor.................................................................................................. Ouzo
Drink................................................................................................ Mastika
Sandwich with meat in tzatziki sauce on pita bread......................................Gyro
Phyllo dough filled with honey, walnuts and pistachios.............................Baklava
    Greek words:
Treasure....................................................................................... Thesaurus
Ten words..................................................................................... Decalogue
Rainbow................................................................................................ Iris
Single letter.................................................................................. Monogram
Werewolf.................................................................................... Lycanthrope
Rug.................................................................................................. Flokati
Love of man............................................................................... Philanthropy
Love of trees............................................................................. Philodendron
To sell alone.................................................................................. Monopoly
The masses................................................................................... Hoi polloi
People rule................................................................................... Democracy
Without pain.................................................................................. Analgesic
Prefixes:
Geo.................................................................................................... Earth
Mono................................................................................................... One
Omni..................................................................................................... All
Quasi...................................................................... In some sense or degree
Para...................................................................................... Approximately
Philo............................................................................................... Love of
Proto.................................................................................................. First
Pseudo.............................................................................................. False

Grenada
Capital..................................................................................... St. George’s

Guatemala
Capital................................................................................ Guatemala City
Currency........................................................................................ Quetzal
Religion.............................................................................. Roman Catholic

Guinea-Bissau
Capital............................................................................................ Bissau

Guyana
Capital...................................................................................... Georgetown

Haiti
Capital................................................................................... Port-au-Prince
Island......................................................................................... Hispaniola
Languages..............................................................................French, Creole
President, 1806-20............................................................... Henri Christophe
President, 1957-71............................................ Francois Duvalier (“Papa Doc”)
President, 1971-86................................... ….Jean-Claude Duvalier (“Baby Doc”)
President, 1991-96, 2001-04....Jean-Bertram Aristide (exiled for a time in the US)

Honduras (The Banana Republic)
Capital...................................................................................... Tegucigalpa
Religion................................................................................ Roman Catholic
Language........................................................................................ Spanish
Island..............................................................................................Roatan
Northern Indians and pyramid builders................................................. Mayans
Coastal Indians.............................................................................. Mesquita

Hungary
Capital......................................................................................... Budapest
Language........................................................................................ Magyar
Patron saint............................................................................... St. Stephen
Year of anti-communist revolt............................................................... 1956
Leader of 1956 revolt................................................................... Imre Nagy
19th century composer................................................................. Franz Liszt
20th century composer................................................................ Bela Bartok
Tennis player............................................................................ Ilie Nastase
Hungarian-American actress-sisters.................... Magda, Zsa Zsa and Eva Gabor

Iceland (originally part of Denmark, over 100 active volcanoes)
Capital........................................................................................ Reykjavik
Currency........................................................................................... Krona
Major source of energy............................................................... Geothermal
Major religion........................................................................... Lutheranism
12th to 13th century literature.............................................................. Edda

India (Independent from Britain since 1947)
Capital....................................................................................... New Delhi
Largest city and financial center.......................................... Mumbai (Bombay)
Second largest city............................................................................. Delhi
Movie making district of Mumbai......................................................Bollywood
Currency.......................................................................................... Rupee
Divisional system of society...................................................... Caste system
Agra Shrine.................................................................................. Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal builder........................................................................ Shah Jahan
Prophet of nonviolence......................................................... Mahatma Gandhi
Gandhi’s successor............................................................. Jawaharlal Nehru
Female prime minister, 1980-84...................... Indira Gandhi (Nehru’s daughter)
Prime minister, 1984-88......................................... Rajiv Gandhi (Indira’s son)
Wheel of Law....................................................................... Dharma Chakra
Guitar................................................................................................ Sitar
Sitar player............................................................................. Ravi Shankar
Author.................................................................................Salmon Rhushdi
Indian-American conductor......................................................... Zubin Mehta
Clarified butter................................................................................... Ghee
Spice................................................................................................ Curry
Spided tea..........................................................................................Chai
Site of 1984 Union Carbide disaster.................................................... Bhopal
Gandhi’s “Children of God”........................................................ Untouchables
Vivian Leigh’s birthplace and tea center.......................................... Darjeeling
Former Portuguese colony..................................................................... Goa

Indonesia
Capital and largest city.................................................................... Jakarta
Jakarta’s Island.................................................................................. Java
Other main islands.......................................... Sumatra, Borneo, New Guinea
Resort island...................................................................................... Bali
Island fighting for independence ................................................. East Timor
Volcanic island, erupted in 1883..................................................... Krakatoa
Leader forced to resign, 1998 ......................................................... Suharto
Suharto’s predecessor.................................................................... Sukarno

Iran (formerly Persia)
Capital........................................................................................ Teheran
Shah of Iran, 1941-79............................................. Mohammed Reza Pahlavi
Revolutionary government head, 1979-89.......................... Ayatollah Khomeini
President, 1989-1997......................................................... Akbar Rafsanjani
President, 1997-2005.................................................... Mohammad Khatami
President, 2005-2013................................................ Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
President, 2013-..................................................................Hasan Rowhani
Currency............................................................................................ Rial
Police............................................................................................. Savak
Persian prophet, 6th century BC..................................................... Zoroaster
Persian poet........................................................................ Omar Khayyam
Persian empire founder, 548 BC............................................. Cyrus the Great
Persian defeated at Marathon, 490 BC............................................... Darius I
Darius’ son, defeated by Greeks, 480 BC............................................. Xerxes

Iraq
Capital....................................................................................... Baghdad
President, 1979-2006......................................................... Saddam Hussein
Prime minister, 2006-.......................................................... Nouri Al-Malike
Currency.......................................................................................... Dinar
Northern minority group.................................................................... Kurds

Ireland (The Emerald Isle)
Capital and largest city.................................................................... Dublin
Second largest city............................................................................. Cork
Third largest city........................................................................... Limerick
Glass works city......................................................................... Waterford
Language........................................................................................ Gaelic
Accent........................................................................................... Brogue
Patron saint............................................................................... St. Patrick
Dublin college................................................................................. Trinity
Castle..................................................................................Blarney Castle
Kissing stone........................................................................ Blarney Stone
Lakes............................................................................. Lakes of Killarney
Brewer..........................................................................................Guiness
Province with cycle of stories.............................................................. Ulster
“Little Clover”............... Shamrock (what St. Patrick used to describe the Trinity)
Dublin theater and company.................................................... Abbey Theater
Moaning spirit............................................................................... Banshee
Convent.............................................................................. Sisters of Mercy
Physicist and chemist..............................................Robert Boyle (Boyle’s law)
8th century book of gospels...................................................... Book of Kells
1848-49 disaster.....................................................................Potato famine
Rebellion against British rule, 1916......................................... Easter Uprising
Hunger striker......................................................................... Bobby Sands
Writer and poet....................................................................... James Joyce
Female writer......................................................................... Maeve Binchy
Dramatist and Abbey Theater director............................. John Millington Synge
Playwright............................................................................. Sean O’Casey
Poet who won Nobel Prize for Literature........................... William Butler Yeats
Olympic swimmer, 1988..............................................................Janet Evans
Olympic swimmer, 1996...........................................................Michele Smith
Irish-American miners.......................................................... “Molly Maguires”
Walking stick...............................................................................Shillelagh

Israel
Capital........................................................................................ Jerusalem
Former capital and largest city.......................................................... Tel Aviv
First prime minister............................................................. David Ben-Gurion
Prime Minister, 2001-2006........................................................... Ariel Sharon
Prime minister, 1999-2001............................................................ Ehud Barak
Prime minister, 1996-1999, 2009-...................................... Benjamin Netanyahu
Prime minister, 1974-77, 1992-95 ..........Yitzhak Rabin (Nobel Peace Prize, 1994)
Prime minister, 1977-83...................Menachem Begin ( Nobel Peace Prize, 1987)
Prime minister, 1984-86, 1995-96............................................... Shimon Peres
Foreign minister who wore an eye patch....................................... Moshe Dayan
Currency........................................................................................... Shekel
Parliament...................................................................................... Knesset
Jerusalem gate..............................................................................Jaffa Gate
Intelligence agency........................................................................... Massad
Desert.............................................................................................. Negev
Salty lake...................................................................................... Dead Sea
River................................................................................................. Jordan
Collective farm.................................................................................. Kibbutz
Group that created Israel................................................................... Zionists

Italy
Capital and largest city.............................................................. Rome (Roma)
Second largest, capital of Lombardy ............................................ Milan (Milano)
Capital of Piedmont region.......................................................... Turin (Turino)
The Jewel of the Adriatic......................................................... Venice (Venezia)
Capital of Tuscany region....................................................... Florence (Firenze)
Prime Minister, 2001-06, 2008-11...............................................Silvio Berlusconi
Former prime minister kidnapped and murdered, 1978............................Also Moro
Northeast Adriatic port......................................................................... Trieste
Galileo’s birthplace.................................................................................. Pisa
Columbus’ birthplace............................................................................ Genoa
Violin manufacturing center................................................................ Cremona
Prime Minister 2001-06, 2008-11...............................................Silvio Berlusconi
Religion................................................................................. Roman Catholic
Currency...................................................................... Euro (formerly the Lire)
Longest river............................................................................................ Po
Caesar’s river..................................................................................... Rubicon
Largest lake.................................................................................. Lake Garda
Naples island........................................................................................ Capri
Capri cave.................................................................................... Blue Grotto
Largest island....................................................................................... Sicily
Sicily capital..................................................................................... Palermo
Sicily volcano......................................................................................... Etna
Second largest island......................................................................... Sardinia
Mainland volcano.............................................................................. Vesuvius
Cities Vesuvius buried............................................... Pompeii and Herculaneum
Central mountains.......................................................................... Apennines
North central mountains.................................................................. Domolites
Countries within its borders..................................... Vatican City and San Marino
Infamous patron of the arts....................................................... Lucretia Borgia
Revolutionary Red Shirts leader............................................ Guiseppe Garibaldi
Physicist.................................................................................... Enrico Fermi
Educator.............................................................................. Maria Montessori
Tenor from Modena............................................................... Luciano Pavarotti
Electrostatics and animal physiology pioneer.................................. Luigi Galvani
Opera conductor..................................................................... Arturo Toscanini
Violin virtuoso....................................................................... Niccolo Paganini
Rome river........................................................................................... Tiber
Rome underground cemeteries ....................................................... Catacombs
Rome ancient arena...................................................................... Colosseum
Rome steps leading to Villa Burghese......................................... Spanish Steps
Rome fountain........................................................................ Trevi Fountain
Milan ruling family.............................................................................. Sforza
Milan opera house........................................................................... La Scala
Florence ruling family......................................................................... Medici
Florence river...................................................................................... Arno
Florence fountain........................................................... Fountain of Neptune
Florence art gallery................................................................... Uffizi Gallery
Florence palace used as an art gallery........................................... Pitti Palace
Venetian artist................................................................................... Titian
Venetian composer................................................................ Antonio Vivaldi
Venetian leader.................................................................................. Doge
Venetian traveler......................................................................... Marco Polo
Venetian landmark bridge.............................................................. The Rialto
Venetian bridge to the gallows.......................................... The Bridge of Sighs
Venetian canal.......................................................................... Grand Canal
Turin auto maker.................................................................................. Fiat
Turin veil of controversy ........................................................ Shroud of Turin
Comedy of Masks............................................................ Commedia del’ Arte
Bell tower.................................................................................. Campanile

Jamaica (third largest Caribbean island)
Capital.......................................................................................... Kingston
Resort city................................................................................ Montego Bay
City of “eight rivers”...................................................................... Ocho Rios
Mountains............................................................................. Blue Mountains
Reggae artist............................................................................... Bob Marley
Liquor........................................................................................... Tia Maria
Famous Olympians..................................................... Jamaican Bobsled Team

Japan
Capital.............................................................................................. Tokyo
Ancient Capital................................................................................... Kyoto
Largest port................................................................................. Yokohama
Largest island.................................................................................. Honshu
Northernmost main island................................................................ Hokkaido
Southernmost main island.................................................................. Kyushu
Parliament........................................................................................... Diet
Currency.............................................................................................. Yen
Emperor................................................................... Akihito (125th Emperior)
Akihito’s father................................................................................ Hirohito
Primary religion.................................................................................. Shinto
Temple............................................................................................ Pagoda
Sacred mountain.............................................................................. Mt. Fuji
Ancient ceremony..................................................................... Tea ceremony
Flower................................................................................. Chrysanthemum
Female professional entertainer........................................................... Geisha
Conductor.................................................................................. Seiji Ozawa
Director................................................................................. Akira Kurosawa
Dramas....................................................................................... No dramas
Drama theater................................................................................... Kabuki
Tokyo upscale shopping area................................................................. Ginza
Crime group.......................................................................................Yakuza
“Precision” watch maker........................................................................ Seiko
Film maker............................................................................................ Fuji
First pocket radio maker......................................................................... Sony
Art of paper folding........................................................................... Origami
Art of flower arranging....................................................................... Ikebana
Art of dwarf tree growing..................................................................... Bonsai
Massage........................................................................................... Shiatsu
Self defense......................................................................................... Judo
Weaponless martal art....................................................................... .Jujitsu
Sword fighting.....................................................................................Kendo
Wrestling........................................................................................... Sumo
Grill................................................................................................ Hibachi
Green liquor....................................................................................... Midori
Lute............................................................................................... Samisen
Floor mat.......................................................................................... Tatami
Mafia............................................................................................... Yakuza
Ornamental fish...................................................................................... Koi
Poison fish........................................................................................... Fugu
Three-line poem................................................................................... Haiku
Number of syllables in haiku...................................................................... 17
Hokkaido aborigines................................................................................ Ainu
High speed train............................................................................ Bullet train
Powerful businessman.......................................................................... Tycoon
Added to a name for respect...................................................................... San
Act of ceremonial suicide ................................................................... Hara-Kiri
9th to 16th century military dictators.................................................... Shoguns
Warrior knights...................................................................................Samurai
Nuclear power plant damaged in 2011................................................Fukushima
Terms:
Thank you...................................................................................Domo arigato
Divine wind..................................................................................... Kamikaze
Empty hand......................................................................................... Karate
Exalted gate....................................................................................... Mikado
Long life (10,000 years)........................................................................ Bonzai

Jordan
Capital................................................................ Amman (former Philadelphia)
Former name............................................................................... Transjordan
King, 1999-....................................................................... King Abdul Hussein
King, 1953-99.................................................... King Hussein I (Abdul’s father)
King Hussein’s wife................................................ Queen Noor (American born)
Historical and archaeological site.............................................................Petra

Kazakhstan (world’s largest landlocked country)
Capital............................................................................................ Astana
Currency............................................................................................ Ruble
Space port........................................ Balkanor Cosmodrome (leased by Russia)

Kenya
Capital.............................................................................................. Nairobi
Independence leader................................................................ Jomo Kenyatta
President, 1978-..................................................................... Daniel arap Moi
Currency............................................................................................ Shilling
Languages........................................................................ Swahili and English
Native tribe......................................................................................... Masai
Game reserve............................................................................... Masai Mara
Tallest mountain............................................................................ Mt. Kenya

Kuwait
Capital....................................................................................... Kuwait City

Laos
Capital.......................................................................................... Vientiane
Religion........................................................................................ Buddhism
Border river.......................................................................................Mekong
Ethnic group.......................................................................................Hmong

Latvia
Capital................................................................................................ Riga
Sea..............................................................................................Baltic Sea

Lebanon
Capital............................................................................................... Beirut
Valley....................................................................................... Bekaa Valley
Tree.............................. Cedar (on their flag, used in building Solomon’s temple)
Group of militant Shiite Muslims....................................................... Hezbollah

Liberia
Capital.............................. Monrovia (named after U.S. president James Monroe)
Late dictator............................................................................Charles Taylor

Libya
Capital.............................................................................................. Tripoli
Dictator, 1969-2011............................................................ Muammar Gaddafi
Gulf......................................................................................... Gulf of Sidra

Liechtenstein
Capital.............................................................................................. Vaduz

Lithuania
Capital............................................................................................ Vilnius
Sea..............................................................................................Baltic Sea

Luxembourg
Capital..................................................................................... Luxembourg
Grand Duke......................................................................................... John
Grand Duchess................................................................................ Carlotta
Major religion............................................................................. Catholicism

Macedonia (formerly part of Yugoslavia)
Capital............................................................................................. Skopje

Madagascar (former Malagasy Republic)
Capital..................................................................................... Antananarivo
Monkey.............................................................................................. Lemur

Malaysia
Capital.................................................................................... Kuala Lumpur
Island.............................................................................................. Borneo
Peninsula............................................................................. Malay Peninsula

Mali
Capital .......................................................................................... Bamako
River.................................................................................................. Niger
Ancient trading center..................................................................... Timbuktu

Malta
Capital.......................................................................................... Valletta
Knights........................................................ Knights of St. John (Hospitalers)

Martinique (owned by France)
Capital.................................................................................. Fort de France
Dormant volcano............................................................................ Mt. Pelee
City destroyed by Pelee, 1902.......................................................... St. Pierre

Mexico (Estados Unidos Mexicanos [The United States of Mexico])
Capital and largest city................................................................ Mexico City
Number of states.....................................................................................31
Leader during Mexican-American war..................... Santa Anna (one leg missing)
Austrian archduke, ruled 1864-67................................................... Maximilian
Maximilian’s Belgian wife............................................ Grand Duchess Carlotta
Man who overthrew Maximilian.................................................. Benito Juarez
President who overthrew Juarez, 1887.......................................... Porfirio Diaz
Leader of Mexican revolution, 1910-14....................................... Emilio Zapata
President 1988-94................................................................... Carlos Salinas
President, 1994-2000............................................................. Ernesto Zedillo
President, 2000-2006 ........................................................ Jefe Vincente Fox
President, 2006-................................................................... Felipe Calderon
Pyramid-building Indians, central Mexico.............................................. Aztecs
Pyramid-building Indians, Yucatan..................................................... Mayans
Aztec conqueror........................ Hernando Cortez (Marquis del Valle de Oaxaca)
Aztec god............................................................................... Quetzalcoatl
Stone carving Indians...................................................................... Olmecs
State and breed of dog was named............................................... Chihuahua
Caribbean peninsula....................................................................... Yucatan
Pacific peninsula................................................................... Baja California
Atlantic gulf.......................................................................... Gulf of Mexico
Pacific gulf.................................................. Gulf of California (Sea of Cortez)
Yucatan resort................................................................................ Cancun
Island off of Yucatan..................................................................... Cozumel
Southern state with insurgency........................................................ Chiapas
"Spicy" state north of the Yucatan.....................................................Tobasco
Christmas procession....................................................................... Peseta
Candy-filled toy............................................................................... Piñata
Artist-Muralist......................................................................... Diego Rivera
Diego Rivera’s wife and artist..................................................... Freda Khalo
Mexican-American male golfer..................................................... Lee Trevino
Mexican-American female golfer................................................. Nancy Lopez
Late Mexican-American singer................................................. Selena (Perez)

Monaco
Capital.................................................................................. Monaco-Ville
Principal income......................................................................... Gambling
Gambling city......................................................................... Monte Carlo
Current royalty ..................................................................... Prince Rainier
Rainier’s children................... Princesses Caroline and Stephanie, Prince Albert
Prince Rainier’s spouse............................................... Princess Grace (Kelly)
Royal house................................................................................ Grimaldi
Currency....................................................................... Monegasque Franc
He broke the bank at Monte Carlo........................................... Charles Wells

Mongolia
Capital................................................................................... Ulan Bator
Desert............................................................................................ Gobi
Rodent.......................................................................................... Gerbil

Morocco
Capital......................................................................................... Rabat
Port and largest city................................................................ Casablanca
Well known cities............................................................... Fez, Marrakesh
King who died in 1999......................................................... King Hassan II
King Hassan II’s successor ......................................... King Sedi Mohammed
North African dish of semolina..................................................... Couscous

Mozambique
Capital....................................................................................... Maputo

Myanmar (former Burma)
Capital............................................................... Yangon (former Rangoon)
United Nations secretary general................................................... U Thant
Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1996........................................ Aung San Suu Kyi
Religion................................................................................... Buddhism
River....................................................................................... Irrawaddy
Bay................................................................................... Bay of Bengal

Namibia
Capital.................................................................................... Windhoek
Desert......................................................................................... Namib

Nepal
Capital................................................................................... Kathmandu
Wild ox............................................................................................. Yak
“Lost man” of Himalayas ................................... Yeti (Abominable Snowman)

Netherlands, The
Seat of government................................................................... The Hague
Capital and largest city.............................................................. Amsterdam
Port.......................................................................................... Rotterdam
Pottery making city............................................................................ Delft
Treaty city..................................................................................Maastricht
Former currency............................................................... Guilder (now Euro)
Royal house.................................................................................... Orange
Current Queen................................................................................ Beatrix
Beatrix’ mother............................................................................... Juliana
Juliana’s mother........................................................................ Wilhelmina
Priest and humanist, 1466-1536...................................................... Erasmus
Artists.................................................Piet Mondrian, Jan Vameer, Rembrandt
Architect......................................................................... Mies Van der Rohe
Explorer................................................................................. Abel Tasman
Oil company.................................................................Royal Dutch Shell Oil
Area drained for farmland............................................................ Zuider Zee
Colonies Ceylon, Cape Colony, Indonesia, New York (New Amsterdam),
St. Maarten, Surinam, Aruba

New Zealand
Capital...................................................................................... Wellington
Former capital........................................................................... Christchurch
Currency........................................................................................... Dollar
Mountains.............................................................................. Southern Alps
Islands................................................................. North Island, South Island
Minor island......................................................................... Chatham Island
Strait......................................................................................... Cook Strait
Explorer........................................................................... Sir Edmond Hillary
Bird.................................................................................................... Kiwi
Extinct bird.......................................................................................... Moa
Indigenous people.............................................................................. Maori
Operatic soprano.................................................................... Kiri te Kanawa

Nicaragua
Capital.......................................................................................... Managua
Lakes.............................................................. Lake Nicaragua, Lake Managua
Dictator ousted in 1979...................................................... Anastasio Somoza
Communist rebels....................................................................... Sandinistas
Rebel leader and president....................................................... Daniel Ortega
Rebels against Sandinista government................................................ Contras
Female president, 1990-97................................................... Violeta Chamorro

Nigeria
Capital............................................................................................ Abuja
Former capital and largest city............................................................ Lagos
Breakaway republic........................................................................... Biafra

North Korea
Capital....................................................................................... Pyongyang
Head of government, 1948-94...................................................... Kim Il-Sung
Head of government, 1994-2011....................................................Kim Jong Il
Head of government, 2011-.........................................................Kim Jong Un
U.S. ship captured in 1968 ................................................................ Pueblo

Northern Ireland (part of Great Britain)
Capital............................................................................................ Belfast
Northern port............................................................................. Londonderry
Actor....................................................................................... Liam Neeson

Norway
Capital and largest city.............................................. Oslo (former Christiana)
Second largest city............................................................................ Bergen
Currency............................................................................................ Kröne
Island....................................................................................... Spitsbergen
Betrayer of Norway................................................................ Vidkun Quisling
Peer Gynt Composer.................................................................. Edvard Grieg
Peer Gynt Playwright............................................................... Heinrich Ibsen
Explorer.............................................................................. Roald Amundsen
"Screaming" Artist.................................................................... Edvard Munch
Actress....................................................................................... Liv Ullman
Olympic figure skater................................................................. Sonja Henie
Ethnologist........................................................................... Thor Heyerdahl
Royal names........................................................................ Haakon, Harold

Pakistan
Capital...................................................................................... Islamabad
Former capital, largest city and port................................................... Karachi
Currency.......................................................................................... Rupee
President, 1977-88...................................................................... Ul-Haq Zia
Prime minister, 1988-90, 1993-96............... Benazir Bhutto (assassinated 2007)
President, 001-2008............................................................. Perez Musharraf
President, 2008..................................................................... Asif Ali Zardari
Northern disputed territory............................................................... Kashmir

Panama (originally part of Columbia)
Capital................................................................................... Panama City
Currency......................................................................................... Balboa
Former general and strongman .............................................. Manuel Noriega

Papua New Guinea
Capital................................................................................... Port Moresby

Paraguay (landlocked in South America)
Capital......................................................................................... Asuncion

Peru (South America’s western most country)
Capital.............................................................................................. Lima
President, 1992-................................................................. Alberto Fujimori
Indians............................................................................................ Incas
Incan dialect................................................................................. Ketchua
Incan city in Andes................................................................ Macchu Picchu

Philippines, The
Capital and largest city..................................................................... Manila
Former capital.......................................................................... Quezon City
Currency............................................................................................ Peso
Largest island................................................................................... Luzon
Luzon peninsula (WWII battle site).................................................... Bataan
Manila Bay island......................................................................... Corregidor
Largest religious group.......................................................... Roman Catholic
Second largest religious group............................................................. Islam
Territorial governor, 1901............................................... William Howard Taft
Deposed president............................................................. Ferdinand Marcos
Marcos’ wife, known for shoe collection............................................... Imelda
Exiled and assassinated activist................................. Benigno (Ninoy) Aquino
Female President, 1986-92................................................... Corazon Aquino
Former U.S. airbase............................................................................ Clark
Former U.S. navy base.................................................................. Subic Bay
Volcano.................................................................................. Mt. Pinatubo

Poland
Capital and largest city.................................................................... Warsaw
Former capital.................................................. Krakow (home of John Paul II)
Port.......................................................................... Gdansk (a.k.a. Danzig)
Currency............................................................................................. Zloty
River............................................................................................... Vistula
Gdansk shipyard..................................................................... Lenin shipyard
Union........................................................................................... Solidarity
Union leader and president, 1990-95...........Lech Walesa (won Nobel Peace Prize)
Composer and pianist............................................................. Frédéric Chopin
Astronomer..................................................................... Nicolaus Copernicus
Pianist and Prime Minister, 1919.......................................... Ignace Paderewski
Polish-English novelist..............................................................Joseph Conrad
Dance.......................................................................................... Polonaise

Portugal
Capital.............................................................................................. Lisbon
Currency............................................................................................ Escudo
River.................................................................................................. Tagus
Atlantic island group........................................................................... Azores
Dictator, 1932-68.................................................................... António Salazar
Instructor to future explorers..................................... Prince Henry the Navigator
Royal names............................................................................ Alfonso, Pedro
Wine.................................................................................................... Port
Wine valley......................................................................................... Douro
Former colonies...........................Angola, Goa, Macau (returned to China in 1998), Indonesia, Formosa (Taiwan), Brazil, Cape Verde,Mozambique,Uruguay

Romania (former Moldavia)
Capital......................................................................................... Bucharest
Mountains..................................................... Transylvanian Alps (Carpathians)
Sculptor.......................................................................... Constantin Brancusi
Nomadic people................................................................................ Gypsies
Mad king....................................................................................... Ludwig II
Royalty................................................................................. Carol I, Carol II
Dictator deposed in 1989..................................................... Nikolae Ceausescu
Gymnast............................................................................... Nadia Comaneci
Gymnastics coach........................................................................ Bela Karolyi

Russia (Europe’s most populous and largest country)
Capital and largest city........................Moscow (home to world's busiest subway)
Largest port.................................................. St. Petersburg (former Leningrad)
Currency............................................................................................. Ruble
Coin.................................................................................................Kopeck
Flag colors...................................................................... Red, white and blue
Longest river........................................................... Volga (longest in Europe)
Moscow citidel..................................................................................Kremlin
St. Petersburg river.............................................................................. Neva
Siberian lake............................................... Lake Baikal (world’s deepest lake)
Former newspaper.................................................................... Pravda (truth)
News agency....................................................................................... Tass
Breakaway republic........................................................................ Chechnya
World’s longest railroad............................................... Trans-Siberian Railroad
Trans-Siberian Railroad terminals................................... Moscow to Vladivostok
Father of Soviet H-bomb......................................................... Andrei Sakharov
Poet................................................................................. Aleksandr Pushkin
Dramatist................................................................................ Nikolai Gogol
Exiled author.............................................................. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
Mad monk............................................................................ Grigori Rasputin
Lenin’s majority............................................................................. Bolshevik
Labor camp........................................................................................ Gulag
Jeweled egg maker.......................................................................... Fabergé
Triangular guitar............................................................................ Balalaika
Royal family.................................................................................. Romanov
“Terrible” tsar, 1547-64........................................................ Ivan the Terrible
“Great” tsar, 1682-1725......................................................... Peter the Great
“Tsarina, built the Hermitage............................................ Catherine the Great
Last Romanov tsar, 1894-1918...................................................... Nicholas II
Interim prime minister, ousted in 1917............................... Alexander Kerensky
Soviet dictator, 1918-24 ......................................................... Vladimir Lenin
Soviet dictator, 1929-53.............................................................. Josef Stalin
Soviet premier, 1953-64..................................................... Nikita Khrushchev
Soviet premier, 1964-82....................................................... Leonid Brezhnev
Soviet premier, 1982-84........................................................... Yuri Andropov
Soviet premier, 1984-85.............................................. Constantine Chernenko
Soviet premier, 1985-91................ Mikhail Gorbachev (Nobel Peace Prize, 1990)
Russian president, 1991-1999.................................................... Boris Yeltsin
Russian president, 1999-......................................................... Vladimir Putin
Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1975............................................. Andrei Sakharov

Rwanda
Capital............................................................................................. Kigali
Majority tribe..................................................................................... Hutu
Minority tribe..................................................................................... Tutsi

Samoa (formerly Western Samoa)
Capital and largest city.........................................................................Apia

San Marino (The Serene Republic, found entirely within the borders of Italy)

Saudi Arabia (largest country in middle east, world’s largest oil producer)
Capital............................................................................................. Riyadh
Islamic holy cities................................................................... Mecca, Medina
Currency............................................................................................. Riyal
Saudi Arabia founder and king, 1925-53............................................. Ibn Saud
King, 1964-75...............................................................................King Faisal
King, 1975-82............................................................................. King Khalid
King, 1982-2005............................................................................ King Fahd
King, 2005............................................................................... King Abdullah
Peninsula........................................................................... Arabian Peninsula

Scotland (part of Great Britain)
Capital......................................................................................... Edinburgh
Largest city.................................................................................... Glasgow
Ancient name............................................................................... Caledonia
City and breed of cattle.................................................................. Aberdeen
River................................................................................................... Tay
Islands............................................ Inner and Outer Hebrides, Orkney Islands
Highest mountain......................................................................... Ben Nevis
Hills....................................................................................... Lammermoor
“Brave-hearted” leader.......................................................... William Wallace
Jacobites supported him................................................. Bonnie Prince Charlie
Royal house...................................................................................... Stuart
Robert I royal house............................................................................ Bruce
Scottish “Robin Hood”...................................................................... Rob Roy
Steam Engine Inventor................................................................ James Watt
Telephone Inventor......................................................Alexander Graham Bell
Philosopher and historian............................................................ David Hume
Tea Magnate..................................................................... Sir Thomas Lipton
Geologist................................................................................James Hutton
Steel magnate and philanthropist........................................... Andrew Carnegie
Poet and songwriter......................................... Robert Burns (Caledonia’s poet)
Robert Burns’ love................................................................... Mary Campbell
Naturalist...................................................................................... John Muir
Missionary in Africa and explorer............................................ David Livingstone
Samuel Johnson’s mentor.......................................................... James Boswell
Cabinet maker............................................................................. Duncan Fife
Protestant leader........................................................................... John Knox
Author who died in Samoa............................................ Robert Louis Stevenson
Botanist .............................................................. David Douglas (Douglas fir)
Pole tossing game.................................................................... Caber tossing
Dance..................................................................................... Highland fling

Senegal
Capital............................................................................................... Dakar

Sierra Leone (translated-mountain lion)
Capital........................................................................................... Freetown

Singapore (smallest country in Asia, originally part of Malaysia)
Capital.......................................................................................... Singapore
Currency............................................................................................. Dollar
National flower....................................................................................Orchid
Famous hotel........................... Raffles (where the Singapore Sling was invented)

Slovakia (formerly part of Czechoslovakia)
Capital.......................................................................................... Bratislava

Somalia (located on the “horn of Africa”)
Capital......................................................................................... Mogadishu

South Africa
Capitals:
Executive......................................................................................... Pretoria
Legislative................................................................................... Cape Town
Judicial..................................................................................... Bloemfontein
Indian Ocean port............................................................................... Durban
National park................................................................... Kruger National Park
River................................................................................................ Orange
Southern cape................................................................... Cape of Good Hope
Provinces............................. Natal, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Cape Province
Currency.............................................................................................. Rand
Gold coin..................................................................................... Krugerrand
Former segregation policy................................................................ Apartheid
Farmer................................................................................................. Boer
19th century Boer leader............................................................... Paul Kruger
Playwright................................................................................. Athol Fugard
Actress and dancer.................................................................... Juliet Prowse
Martyred leader.......................................................................... Steven Biko
Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1984................................................. Desmond Tutu
President, 2009-..........................................................................Jacob Zuma
President, 1984-89..................................................................... Pieter Botha
Prime minister, 1989-93 and Nobel Peace Prize winner, 1993.......... F. W. DeKlerk
Prime minister, 1993- and Nobel Peace Prize Winner, 1993 ..........Nelson Mandela
Mandela’s former wife............................................................ Winnie Mandela
Cape Colony prime minister, 1898................................................ Cecil Rhodes
Heart transplant doctor.................................................. Dr. Christiaan Barnard
Female author...................................................................... Nadine Gordimer
Female barefoot runner.................................................................. Zola Budd

South Korea
Capital ............................................................................................. Seoul
Currency............................................................................................. Won
President, 1998-2003 and Nobel Peace Prize winner...................... Kim Dae Jung
President, 1948-60................................................................. Syngman Rhee
President assassinated in 1979.............................................. Park Chung-Hee
Dividing parallel to the north...................................................... 38th parallel
Major city in the southeast.................................................................. Pusan
Allied invasion site............................................................................ Inchon
Korean War armistice site, 1953................................................... Panmunjon
Symbol on flag......................................................................... Yin and Yang
Female golfer................................................................................ Se Ri Pak

Spain
Capital........................................................................................... Madrid
King, 1975-........................................................................ King Juan Carlos
Head of State, 1936-1975.................................................... Francisco Franco
Madrid museum..................................................................................Prado
Madrid soccer (football) team......................................................Real Madrid
Mediterranean port, capital of Catalonia.......................................... Barcelona
Southern port................................................................................... Cadiz
Currency......................................................................................... Peseta
Former gold coin............................................................................Doubloon
Mediterranean islands.................................... Balearic Islands (Ibiza, Majorca)
Peninsula......................................................................................... Iberia
French border mountains................................................................ Pyrenees
Central mountains.................................................................. Sierra Nevada
Tourist coast.......................................................................... Costa del Sol
13th to 15th century tribunal....................................................... Inquisition
Grand Inquisitor....................................................................... Torquemada
Conqueror of Moorish Valencia in 1091................................................. El Cid
King, 1407-1504...................................................... Ferdinand II (of Aragon)
Queen, 1407-1504......................................................... Isabella (of Castile)
Ferdinand and Isabella’s daughter.................................... Catherine of Aragon
Spanish fleet, 1588.............................................................. Spanish Armada
16th century military adventurers ............................................ Conquistadors
Windmill region.......................................................................... La Mancha
Indigenous people of Northern Spain..................................................Basque
Dialect of northern Spain................................................................. Catalan
Islamic sect..................................................................................... Moors
Last Moorish kingdom .................................................................... Granada
Granada citadel ........................................................................... Alhambra
Toledo artist.................................................................................. El Greco
The Uprising of the 2nd of May painter..................................... Francisco Goya
Islamic art...................................................................................... Moorish
Cubist.................................................................................... Pablo Picasso
Guitarist.............................................................................. Andres Segovia
Cellist.................................................................................... Pablo Casals
Fortified wine................................................................................... Sherry
National sport........................................................................... Bullfighting
General.............................................................................. Francisco Franco
Royalty names............................................................ Alfonso XIII, Phillip II

Sri Lanka (former Ceylon)
Capital......................................................................................... Colombo
Language................................................................................... Singhalese
Minority separatists.......................................................................... Tamils
Author................................................................................ Arthur C. Clarke
Main export.......................................................................................... Tea

Surinam (former Dutch Guyana)
Capital....................................................................................... Paramaribo
Mountains................................................................... Wilhelmina Mountains
Currency........................................................................................... Guilder
Well-known city.................................................................... New Amsterdam

Sudan (largest country in Africa, 10th largest in the world)
Capital........................................................................................ Khartoum
Rivers................................................................... Nile, White Nile, Blue Nile

Sweden
Capital....................................................................................... Stockholm
Port and ship building center........................................................... Göteborg
University...................................................................................... Uppsala
Currency........................................................................................... Krona
Furnature chain.....................................................................................Ikea
U.N. secretary-general...................................................... Dag Hammarskjöld
1970’s singing group........................................................................... ABBA
Swedish nightingale..................................................................... Jenny Lind
Playwright........................................................................ August Strindberg
Prize fighter.................................................................... Ingemar Johansson
Botanist................................................. Carolus Linnaeus (taught at Uppsala)
Assassinated leader...................................................................... Olaf Palm
Diplomat who saved 100,000 lives........................................ Raoul Wallenberg
Director ............................................................................. Ingmar Bergman
Actor................................................................................... Max Von Sydow
Actress..................................................................................... Greta Garbo
Buxom actress.......................................................................... Anita Ekberg
Automaker......................................................................................... Volvo
Royal names....................................................... Christina, Oscar, Carl Gustav
Feast...................................................................................... Smorgasbord
Turnip.......................................................................................... Rutabaga

Switzerland (former Helvetia)
Capital.............................................................................................. Bern
Largest city...................................................................................... Zurich
Currency........................................................................................... Franc
Zurich airport.................................................................................. Lugano
Geographical districts....................................................... Cantons (23 total)
Lakes.................................................................... Lake Geneva, Lake Zurich
Rivers.................................................................................... Rhine, Rhone
The “Gnomes of Zurich”................................................................... Bankers
Mountain................................................................................... Matterhorn
Protestant reformer.................................................................... John Calvin
Philosopher.............................................................. Jean Jacques Rousseau
Male psychiatrist.......................................................................... Carl Jung
Female psychiatrist..................................................... Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
Long wooden horn....................................................................... Alpenhorn
Tennis player........................................................................ Martina Hingis

Syria
Capital...................................................................................... Damascus
President, 1971-2000........................................................... Hafez al-Assad
President, 2000-................................................................. Bashar al-Assad
Largest city.....................................................................................Aleppo
Southern high ground, held by Israel........................................ Golan Heights

Taiwan (a.k.a. Chinese Taipei)
Capital........................................................................................... Taipei
Island......................................................................................... Formosa

Tanzania
Capital.......................................................................................... Dodoma
Former capital........................................................................ Dar es Salaam
Union of these former countries................................. Tanganyika and Zanzibar
Language........................................................................................ Swahili
National Park............................................................ Serengeti National Park
Mountain.................................................................................. Kilimanjaro

Thailand (former Siam)
Capital.............................................................Bangkok ("Venice of the East")
Northern city............................................................................... Chiang Mai
Currency.............................................................................................. Baht
Religion....................................................................................... Buddhism
Royalty................................................................... King Bhumibol (Rama IX)
Resort island.................................................................................... Phuket
National flower...................................................................................Orchid
Famous bridge.......................................................... Bridge on the River Kwai
Peninsula............................................................................. Malay Peninsula

Tibet (part of China)
Capital.............................................................................................. Lhasa
Spiritual leader.......................................... Dalai Lama (won Nobel Peace Prize)

Trinidad & Tobago
Capital.................................................................................... Port-of-Spain

Tunisia (northernmost country in Africa)
Capital............................................................................................. Tunis
Ancient city.................................................................................. Carthage
Carthage-Roman wars..................................................................Punic Wars

Turkey
Capital........................................................................................... Ankara
Port and largest city.............. Istanbul (formerly Byzantium and Constantinople)
Currency............................................................................................. Lira
Peninsula...................................................................................... Gallipoli
River............................................................................................. Meander
Mountain.................................................................................... Mt. Ararat
Lake............................................................................................ Lake Van
Empires......................................................................... Byzantine, Ottoman
President, 1923-38................................................... (Mustafa) Kemal Ataturk
He renamed Byzantium Constantinople, 330 AD.......................... Constantine I
Byzantine empire ruler, 527-65..................................................... Justinian I
“Magnificent” Ottoman ruler, 1520-66........................ Suleyman the Magnificent
Istanbul inlet........................................................................... Golden Horn
Istanbul Strait.............................................................................. Bosporus
Istanbul shrine................................................... Hagia Sophia (Santa Sophia)
Istanbul Mosque................................................................ The Blue Mosque

Uganda
Capital.......................................................................................... Kampala
Israeli raid city............................................................................... Entebbe
Former dictator.............................................................................. Idi Amin

Ukraine (Europe’s second largest country)
Capital............................................................................................... Kiev
Peninsula........................................................................................ Crimea
Horse solder................................................................................... Cossack
Sea............................................................................................. Black Sea
Plains............................................................................................ Steppes
Mountains................................................................................ Carpathians
Nuclear power plant.............................................Chernobyl (accident in 1986)
Chicken dish............................................................................ Chicken Kiev

United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.)
Capital..........................................Abu Dhabi (home to world’s tallest building)
Gulf..........................................................................................Persian Gulf
Peninsula..........................................................................Arabian Peninsula

Uruguay
Capital...................................................................................... Montevideo
Currency............................................................................................. Peso

Uzbekistan
Capital......................................................................................... Tashkent
Sea............................................................................................... Aral Sea 

Vatican, The (world’s smallest country)
Capital...................................................................................... Vatican City
Vatican basilica................................................................. St. Peter’s Basilica
Vatican chapel........................................................................ Sistine Chapel

Venezuela (named after Venice, Italy)
Capital.................................................. Caracas (birthplace of Simone Bolivar)
Dictator, 1998-2013...................................................................Hugo Chavez
Currency.......................................................................................... Bolivar
River.............................................................................................. Orinoco

Vietnam
Capital............................................................................................. Hanoi
Southern capital........................................... Ho Chi Minh City (former Saigon)
Currency............................................................................................ Dong
Rivers............................................................................. Mekong, Red River
Delta.....................................................................................Mekong Delta
Gulf................................................................................................ Tonkin
Central port.................................................................................. Da Nang
Bay............................................................................................ Cam Ranh
Site of French defeat, 1954...................................................... Dien Bien Phu
North Vietnam leader, 1945-69 .................................................. Ho Chi Minh
Nobel Peace Prize winner (refused)1973........................................ Le Duc Tho

Wales (part of Great Britain)
Capital.......................................................................................... Cardiff
Mineral found in large deposits........................................................... Slate
Poet.................................................................................... Dylan Thomas
Actor ................................................................................. Richard Burton
Welsh for James................................................................................ Iago
Welsh for William.............................................................................. Liam

Yugoslavia
Capital....................................................................................... Belgrade
President, 1998-2000..................................................... Slobodan Milosevic
Republics..................................................................... Serbia, Montenegro
Breakaway province....................................................................... Kosovo

Zaire (see Congo, Democratic Republic of)

Zambia (former Northern Rhodesia)
Capital.......................................................................................... Lusaka

Zimbabwe (former Rhodesia, named after Cecil Rhodes)
Capital................................................................. Harare (former Salisbury)
Head of government, 1987-................................................... Robert Mugabe
Last Rhodesian prime minister...................................................... Ian Smith

For more Royalty Trivia see Game Show Trivia, now in its 6th edition

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